渭北平原地区典型独立式窑洞建筑研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 16:08

本文选题：关中窑洞 + 热工性能　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前中国农村住宅正面临两难的境地,一方面新农村建设进程中,很多村镇在新建和规划过程中,相关建设部门为了完成上级政府部门下派的任务,并没有适当的考虑地域特色、绿色建筑因素以及当地农民对住宅的根本诉求,另一方面随着现代人生活水平的逐步提高,农民对居住舒适度方面的要求也有所提高,但是现阶段的部分农村住宅建筑不能很好的满足农民对室内热舒适的需求,甚至背弃了传统住宅一些优秀的传统做法。本次调研的独立式窑洞建筑主要位于关中地区东北部渭北平原(澄城县杜卓村),这一地区人口密集,新农村建设如火如荼,窑洞建筑十分典型具有一定的代表性,通过调研,掌握该地区现阶段独立式窑洞所存在的问题,分析和优化这一地区独立式窑洞建筑的室内物理环境,以期为这一地区农村住宅建设提供参考和依据。第一,从该地区当前的气候条件入手,运用节能软件Ecotect附带的气候分析工具Weather Tool进行气象数据分析,总结对该地区有针对性的“被动式节能技术”,进而再对可能采取的技术措施进行比较分析。第二,研究进行实地调研,通过对该地区若干具有代表性的独立式窑洞建筑进行实地考察,提出当前该地区独立式窑洞建筑在建筑形制、围护结构、建筑构造、新能源利用等多方面的建议措施。通过对渭北平原当地居民的问卷调研,知悉当地居民在室内热、湿环境等方面的主观感受评价,切实掌握该地独立式窑洞建筑的室内热舒适状况。第三,进行独立式窑洞建筑室内光环境研究,对其室内光环境质量进行评价分析,从对窑洞进深、立面合理化设计等方面,对独立式窑洞室内光环境进行模拟分析,提出有助于改善独立式窑洞室内光环境质量的方案。第四,进行独立式窑洞建筑室内热湿环境研究,通过仪器测量,记录数据的方式,掌握当地独立式窑洞建筑的室内热湿环境状况;总结独立式窑洞的优缺点并针对其室内热湿环境问题提出解决方案。第五,回顾研究过程中涉及到的方方面面,对渭北平原地区现有窑洞存在的不足提出建议,设计新型的独立式窑洞构造与院落户型,建立新型独立式窑洞的形态模型。最终希望本研究内容对今后该地区独立式窑洞建筑的建设具有参考价值和指导性意义。
[Abstract]:At present, rural housing in China is facing a dilemma. On the one hand, in the process of building new villages and towns, in the process of building and planning many villages and towns, the relevant construction departments are in order to complete the tasks assigned by higher government departments. Without proper consideration of regional characteristics, green building factors and local farmers' basic demands for housing, on the other hand, with the gradual improvement of modern people's living standards, farmers' requirements for living comfort have also been raised. But at this stage, some rural residential buildings can not meet the needs of farmers for indoor thermal comfort, and even abandoned some excellent traditional methods of traditional housing. The independent cave buildings in this study are mainly located in the Weibei Plain (Chengcheng County, Duzhuo Village) in the northeast of Guanzhong region. This area is densely populated and the new rural construction is in full swing. The cave building is very typical and has a certain degree of representativeness. This paper analyzes and optimizes the indoor physical environment of the independent cave building in this area in order to provide reference and basis for the rural residential construction in this area. First, from the current climate conditions in the region, we use Weather tool, a climate analysis tool attached to the energy saving software Ecotect, to analyze meteorological data, and summarize the "passive energy-saving technologies" targeted at the region. Then the possible technical measures are compared and analyzed. Secondly, through the field investigation of some representative independent cave buildings in this area, the author points out that the present independent cave buildings in this area are in the form of architecture, enclosure structure and architectural structure. New energy use and other aspects of the proposed measures. Through the questionnaire investigation of local residents in Weibei Plain, we know the subjective feeling evaluation of local residents in indoor heat and wet environment, and grasp the indoor thermal comfort of the isolated cave buildings in this area. Thirdly, the indoor light environment of the independent cave building is studied, the indoor light environment quality is evaluated and analyzed, and the indoor light environment of the independent cave is simulated and analyzed from the aspects of cave depth, facade rationalization design and so on. This paper puts forward a scheme to improve the indoor light environment quality of independent cave. Fourthly, the indoor heat and moisture environment of the independent cave building is studied, and the indoor heat and moisture environment of the independent cave building is grasped by means of instrument measurement and data recording. The advantages and disadvantages of independent cave are summarized and the solutions to the indoor thermal and wet environment problems are put forward. Fifthly, review all aspects involved in the research process, put forward suggestions on the shortcomings of the existing caves in Weibei Plain, design a new type of independent cave structure and courtyard type, and establish a new type of independent cave shape model. Finally, it is hoped that this study will be of reference value and guidance significance for the construction of independent cave buildings in this area in the future.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU241.5

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