液压掘岩机的优化设计和分析研究

发布时间：2018-07-09 18:22

本文选题：液压掘岩机 + 有限元分析　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：液压掘岩机是一种用于对岩石、混凝土等较硬材质进行扒掘、剥离、破碎的工程设备,它不仅可以进行扒掘、剥离,而且可以扒掘、剥离和破碎同时进行。目前该产品未在市场上推广,对其的研究还处于初期阶段,因此对液压掘岩机的设计研究是目前最需要的。从结构上讲,液压掘岩机主要由冲击器壳体、冲击器、掘岩钩组成,但液压冲击器的设计研究较为成熟,且掘岩钩是液压掘岩机的工作部件,所以对掘岩钩的研究是重点。由于液压掘岩机的工作过程与冲击摆、打桩机和液压破碎锤类似,所以本文主要参考它们的分析理论对掘岩机进行了分析。本文首先对液压冲击器的基本原理及其关键部件的研究状况做了概述,并根据企业提供的设计要求进行液压冲击器的设计计算,再根据其计算结果,对液压掘岩机的关键零部件进行建模,然后对已经设计的液压掘岩机进行有限元分析,提出了掘岩机的优化意见。其次,利用冲击摆的理论分析出了掘岩钩与转轴安装的最佳位置,提出了掘岩钩的另一种结构模型：利用楔形桩的分析方法对掘岩钩的承载能力进行了分析,推算出了掘岩钩顶端的极限承载力的估算公式和掘岩钩侧面的承载力估算公式,证明了承载力与掘岩钩的结构尺寸和介质的性能参数有关,然后用冲击机械碰撞研究常用的应力波分析方法分析掘岩钩中应力波的传播特性,得出了应力波的传播与掘岩钩的结构参数有关。最后通过ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件仿真模拟了短钎杆冲击掘岩钩的过程,并根据其后处理结果说明了掘岩钩参数对冲击力和应力波传播的影响情况。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic rock excavator is a kind of engineering equipment used to dig, peel and break hard materials such as rock and concrete. It not only can be excavated and stripped, but also can be excavated, stripped and broken at the same time. At present, the product has not been popularized in the market, and the research on it is still in the initial stage, so the design and research of hydraulic rock excavator is the most needed at present. From the structure point of view, hydraulic rock excavator is mainly composed of impactor shell, impactor and rock excavator hook, but the design and research of hydraulic impactor is more mature, and rock excavating hook is the working part of hydraulic rock excavator, so the research of rock excavating hook is the key point. Because the working process of hydraulic rock excavator is similar to that of impact pendulum, pile driver and hydraulic crushing hammer, this paper mainly refers to their analysis theory to analyze the rock excavator. In this paper, the basic principle of the hydraulic impactor and the research status of the key components are summarized, and the design calculation of the hydraulic impactor is carried out according to the design requirements provided by the enterprise, and then according to the calculation results, The key parts of hydraulic rock excavator are modeled, then the finite element analysis of the hydraulic rock excavator has been carried out, and the optimization advice of the excavator is put forward. Secondly, by using the theory of impact pendulum, the optimum position of rock hooks and shaft installation is analyzed, and another structural model of rock excavating hook is put forward: the bearing capacity of rock excavating hook is analyzed by using the analysis method of wedge-shaped pile. The formulas for estimating the ultimate bearing capacity of the top of the excavating hook and the bearing capacity of the side of the excavating hook are derived. It is proved that the bearing capacity is related to the structural size of the excavating hook and the performance parameters of the medium. Then the propagation characteristics of stress wave in rock excavating hook are analyzed by using the stress wave analysis method which is commonly used in the research of impact mechanical collision. It is concluded that the propagation of stress wave is related to the structural parameters of rock excavating hook. Finally, the process of rock hooks with short drill rod impact is simulated by ANSYS- LS-DYNA software, and the influence of rock hook parameters on the propagation of impact force and stress wave is explained according to the post-processing results.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU63

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