基于OPC技术的建筑智能化系统集成研究与开发

发布时间：2018-07-14 20:13

【摘要】：随着计算机技术和信息技术的飞速发展,人们对建筑的安全性、舒适性、便利性、信息交互性、节能等诸多方面提出了更高的要求,这些酝酿出了新一代的建筑——智能建筑。智能建筑有别于传统建筑的主要特征在于智能建筑的“智能化”,即在建筑中增加各种智能化系统,通过建筑内的计算机网络、通信和自动控制等技术来实现建筑“智能化”的功能和应用扩展。在智能建筑发展的初期,各个子系统规模小、控制对象少而简单,可以人工或半自动化方式维护与管理建筑设备,但随着智能建筑中的各个系统规模的不断扩大、控制对象增加和设备的分散,同时建筑物内语音、数据和控制等各类信号的传输线缆大量重复的敷设等等都给管理和维护带来了极大的不便,为此需要通过建筑智能化系统集成手段将智能建筑中各类设备和子系统进行集成,更为方便地实现功能的扩展和设备的管理。建筑智能化系统集成经历了采用传统的集散控制系统到现场总线控制系统的发展阶段。虽然现场总线作为自动化领域的通信技术,可以构成智能建筑的底层网络,但出于对网络开放性、可互操作性的要求以及控制网络与信息网络集成等各方面因素的考虑,若完全采用现场总线进行建筑智能化系统集成,现场总线的标准不统一、开放性差、互操作困难、设备少、费用高以及集成困难等弊端便逐渐显露出来。OPC技术的出现为消除这一境地提供了一条新的途径,它为工业控制软件的数据通信、异构系统的集成和多层软硬件体系架构提供新的标准。它以软总线的方式成为控制层与上层管理网络数据集成的基础,使得智能建筑的每一系统、每一个设备、能够自由的连接和通信,实现现场设备与控制层和管理层真正开放的互联互操作这一功能。通过对建筑智能化系统集成的目的、模式和技术的研究,分析了当前建筑智能化系统集成存在的问题,提出了一种基于OPC技术的建筑智能化系统集成的方法。使用Deiphi7.0开发出了符合标准的OPC服务器。以实际系统集成工程项目为背景,将开发的OPC服务器应用于高科世纪大厦集成管理系统中。研究表明OPC技术在提高建筑智能化系统互操作性的同时简化系统集成环境,除此之外,采用OPC技术的系统集成方法,更易于功能的扩展,使得系统更加开放,是建筑智能化系统集成的一种有效途径。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of computer technology and information technology, people put forward higher requirements for building safety, comfort, convenience, information interaction, energy saving and so on. The main characteristic of intelligent building differs from traditional building is "intelligence" of intelligent building, that is, adding various intelligent systems to the building, through the computer network in the building. Communication and automatic control technology to achieve the building "intelligent" function and application expansion. In the early stage of the development of intelligent building, the scale of each subsystem is small, the control object is few and simple, and can maintain and manage the building equipment manually or semi-automatically, but with the expansion of the scale of each system in the intelligent building, The increase of control objects and the dispersion of equipment, at the same time, the large number of repetitive laying of transmission cables of various kinds of signals, such as voice, data and control in buildings, has brought great inconvenience to management and maintenance. Therefore, it is necessary to integrate all kinds of equipments and subsystems in intelligent building by means of building intelligent system integration, so as to realize the expansion of function and the management of equipment more conveniently. The integration of building intelligent system has experienced the development stage from the traditional distributed control system to the field bus control system. Although the fieldbus, as the communication technology in the automation field, can constitute the underlying network of the intelligent building, it takes into account the requirements of network openness, interoperability and the integration of the control network and the information network. If the field bus is used to integrate the intelligent building system, the standard of the field bus is not uniform, the opening is poor, the interoperability is difficult, and the equipment is less. The emergence of OPC technology provides a new way to eliminate this situation. It provides a new way for the data communication of industrial control software. The integration of heterogeneous systems and multi-tier hardware and software architecture provide new standards. It becomes the basis of the control layer and the upper management network data integration in the form of soft bus, so that every system and every device of the intelligent building can be freely connected and communicated. Realize the function of real open interoperation between field equipment and control layer and management. Through the research on the purpose, mode and technology of building intelligent system integration, this paper analyzes the existing problems of building intelligent system integration, and puts forward a method of building intelligent system integration based on OPC technology. A standard OPC server was developed with Deiphi7.0. Based on the actual system integration project, the developed OPC server is applied to the integrated management system of High-tech Century Building. The research shows that OPC technology not only improves the interoperability of building intelligent systems, but also simplifies the system integration environment. In addition, the system integration method using OPC technology is easier to extend the functions and make the system more open. It is an effective way of building intelligent system integration.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU855

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