江河型城市湿地公园生态景观规划设计研究

发布时间：2018-07-21 12:35

【摘要】：湿地是人类文明的起源之一,是拥有独立生态循环系统的生态景观之一,也是城市绿地系统的重要组成部分,湿地是由水陆相互作用形成的独特生态系统。随着城市化进程的加快,高楼大厦拔地而起,城市的不断扩张与再建导致城市内部湿地面积迅速减少。为了保护城市湿地生态环境,同时营造可供人类游憩、学习、教育的场地,近些年我国大力发展城市湿地公园的建设。我国是一个山高水长、河流众多的国家,河流主要集中在长江、黄河、珠江、松花江和辽河等流域。江河对于城市的作用已经从古时候的提供饮用水源、农田灌溉、军事防御、交通运输转变为提供水源、农田灌溉、供人游憩和生态保护。我国城市湿地公园根据其不同的基底特征大致分“江河型”、“湖泊型”、“滨海型”、“农田型”四种类型,其中江河型城市湿地公园与城市的距离最接近,例如:郑州、武汉、重庆、南京、哈尔滨、齐齐哈尔等城市都有河流从城市中间穿过。因此江河型城市湿地公园与城市整体生态环境关系最密切,且对其的研究建设将会最直观快速的反映到城市的整体生态环境中。我国南北方气候差异较大,北方城市湿地公园建设由于气候原因相对于南方的城市湿地公园较落后,且北方江河型城市湿地公园的数量远多于其它类型湿地公园,因此针对北方的江河型城市湿地公园的生态景观设计研究显得尤为重要。我国江河型城市湿地公园的建设如火如荼,在建设过程中涌现出很多问题,例如:城市湿地公园定位不明确、生态保护缺失、植物配置不当等,这些问题不但没有起到保护湿地的作用,还有可能对城市湿地公园造成二次伤害,因此应科学的对城市湿地公园进行保护、恢复及重建。本文将以“江河型城市湿地公园”为主要研究方向,从生态空间、景观空间和公园使用功能三个方面进行阐述,并列举国内外案例进行对比分析,从中发现我国江河型城市湿地公园中的不足,并针对这些不足进行探讨,提出解决方案,以研究出合理可行的江河型城市湿地公园的设计方法。
[Abstract]:Wetland is one of the origins of human civilization. It is one of the ecological landscape with independent ecological circulation system. It is also an important part of the urban green space system. The wetland is a unique ecosystem formed by the interaction of water and land. With the acceleration of the urbanization process, the high buildings are pulled out and the city's continuous expansion and reconstruction results in the city. In order to protect the ecological environment of the urban wetland, and to create a space for human recreation, learning and education, the construction of urban wetland parks is vigorously developed in recent years in China. China is a country with high mountains and rivers and many rivers. Rivers are mainly concentrated in the Yangtze River, the Yellow River, Pearl River, Songhua and Liaohe river basins. The role of the river in the city has been provided from ancient times to provide drinking water, farmland irrigation, military defense, and transportation to supply water, irrigation, recreation and ecological protection. China's urban wetland parks are roughly divided into four types: "river type", "lake type", "seashore type" and "farmland type" according to its different base characteristics. The river type urban wetland park has the closest distance to the city, for example, Zhengzhou, Wuhan, Chongqing, Nanjing, Harbin, Qigihar and other cities all have rivers through the middle of the city. Therefore, the river type urban wetland park is most closely related to the urban overall ecological environment, and the research and construction of the city will be the most intuitive and rapid reflection. In the whole ecological environment of the city, the climate varies greatly in the north and south of China. The construction of the Northern Urban Wetland Park is relatively backward compared with the Urban Wetland Park in the south, and the number of the northern river type urban wetland parks is far more than the other types of wetland parks. Therefore, the ecological environment of the river type wetland parks in the north is taken. The construction of landscape design is particularly important. The construction of the wetland parks in the river type cities in China is in full swing, and many problems emerge in the process of construction, such as the unclear positioning of the urban wetland parks, the lack of ecological protection, the improper allocation of plants, and so on. These problems not only do not protect the wetland, but also have the possibility of the urban wetland park. Two damage is caused, so the urban wetland park should be protected, restored and reconstructed scientifically. This article will take "river type urban wetland park" as the main research direction, from three aspects of ecological space, landscape space and park use function, and enumerate the cases at home and abroad and find out the river type in China. The shortage in the urban wetland park is discussed and the solutions are put forward to study the reasonable and feasible design method of the Wetland Park in the river type city.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU986.5

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