松散软弱介质注浆扩散和加固试验研究
发布时间：2018-07-22 14:55
【摘要】：随着国民经济的发展,交通基础设施建设速度不断加快,矿产资源开采量与消耗量不断增大,大批的交通隧道、矿井、巷道等地下工程项目提上建设日程。在地下工程的施工中,频频发生的地质灾害严重威胁着施工人员及工程安全,其中突水突泥灾害是发生次数最多、危害性最大的一种。据统计,突水突泥灾害发生次数占地下工程事故发生总次数的一半以上。诱发突水突泥灾害的主要因素包括：自然因素和人为因素。自然因素主要包括地层存在的风化破碎的岩体、软弱夹层、岩溶裂隙等不良地质体,是造成突水突泥灾害的根本原因；人为因素主要是工程施工产生的扰动,是造成突水突泥直接诱导因素。注浆是突水突泥灾害的治理中最为常见的手段,然而复杂多变的地质条件给灾害的有效治理造成了不小的麻烦。主要表现在：(1)要针对特定地质条件选用合适的注浆工艺,必需掌握和具备多种注浆工艺的施工方法和能力；(2)一些复杂的地层难以加固,造成了大量的人工和材料消耗。目前,关于注浆的研究大都是在单一介质条件下进行的,关于复杂介质条件的注浆理论和工艺研究还很少有人开展。本文针对松散软弱介质条件,结合水泥单液浆析水特性,利用理论与试验根结合的方法,重点研究了水泥单液浆的扩散和加固机理。主要研究内容及结论包括以下几点。(1)普通水泥单液浆存在迅速析水的特性。通过室内试验方法证实了：无论在重力作用,还是注浆压力作用下,水泥单液浆中多余的自由水都会迅速析出,造成浆液的浓度、粘度大大提高。(2)针对地质条件的不均匀性,提出了优势扩散区的概念,并把其分为渗透型优势扩散区和压缩型优势扩散区。设计并开展了松散软弱介质注浆试验,对浆液的扩散现象、扩散过程、以及遵循的扩散理论进行了研究。同时分析了浆液在扩散过程中,由析水造成的性能变化。(3)设计并开展了松散软弱介质注浆加固试验。利用模型试验的方法,对含优势扩散区介质注浆,分析浆液扩散现象,并测定注浆加固体强度,证明了优势扩散区的存在有利于提高加固体强度、保证加固效果的稳定。(4)在分析和研究注浆加固体单轴压缩和浆-土界面破坏特征的基础上,提出了“析水饱和层”的概念,认为析水饱和层是注浆过程中形成的加固薄弱区,解释了加固体沿浆脉产生破坏的原因。
[Abstract]:With the development of national economy, the speed of traffic infrastructure construction is quickening, the mining quantity and consumption of mineral resources are increasing, a large number of underground engineering projects such as traffic tunnels, mines, roadways and so on are put on the construction schedule. In the construction of underground engineering, frequent geological disasters seriously threaten the safety of construction personnel and engineering, among which water inrush and mud inrush is one of the most frequent and harmful disasters. According to statistics, the number of water and mud inrush disasters accounts for more than half of the total number of underground engineering accidents. The main factors that induce water inrush and mud inrush include natural factors and human factors. Natural factors mainly include weathered rock mass, weak intercalation, karst fissures and other bad geological bodies, which are the fundamental causes of water inrush and mud inrush, and human factors are mainly disturbance caused by engineering construction. It is a direct inductive factor of water inrush and mud inrush. Grouting is the most common method in the treatment of water and mud inrush disasters, but the complex and changeable geological conditions cause great trouble to the effective management of disasters. The main results are as follows: (1) in order to select suitable grouting technology for specific geological conditions, it is necessary to master and possess the construction methods and capabilities of various grouting techniques; (2) some complex strata are difficult to reinforce, resulting in a large amount of labor and material consumption. At present, most of the research on grouting is carried out under the condition of single medium, and the research on grouting theory and technology of complex medium is seldom carried out. In this paper, the diffusion and reinforcement mechanism of cement single liquid slurry is studied by using the method of combining theory with test root according to the condition of loose weak medium and combined with the characteristics of water evolution of cement single liquid slurry. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) the common cement slurry has the characteristics of rapid water evolution. It is proved by laboratory test that the excess free water in single cement slurry will precipitate rapidly under the action of gravity or grouting pressure, resulting in a great increase in the concentration and viscosity of the slurry. (2) aiming at the inhomogeneity of geological conditions, The concept of dominant diffusion region is proposed, which is divided into permeable dominant diffusion region and compressed dominant diffusion zone. The grouting test of loose soft medium was designed and carried out. The diffusion phenomenon, diffusion process and diffusion theory of slurry were studied. At the same time, the performance changes caused by water evolution in the process of slurry diffusion are analyzed. (3) the grouting reinforcement test of loose weak medium is designed and carried out. By using the method of model test, the phenomenon of grouting diffusion in medium with dominant diffusion zone is analyzed, and the strength of grouting plus solid is measured. It is proved that the existence of dominant diffusion zone is beneficial to the enhancement of solid strength. (4) based on the analysis and study of the characteristics of grouting and solid uniaxial compression and the failure of the interface between slurry and soil, the concept of "saturated layer of water evolution" is put forward. It is considered that the saturated layer of water evolution is the weak zone formed in the process of grouting. The cause of failure along the pulping of solid was explained.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU943
本文编号：2137826
[Abstract]:With the development of national economy, the speed of traffic infrastructure construction is quickening, the mining quantity and consumption of mineral resources are increasing, a large number of underground engineering projects such as traffic tunnels, mines, roadways and so on are put on the construction schedule. In the construction of underground engineering, frequent geological disasters seriously threaten the safety of construction personnel and engineering, among which water inrush and mud inrush is one of the most frequent and harmful disasters. According to statistics, the number of water and mud inrush disasters accounts for more than half of the total number of underground engineering accidents. The main factors that induce water inrush and mud inrush include natural factors and human factors. Natural factors mainly include weathered rock mass, weak intercalation, karst fissures and other bad geological bodies, which are the fundamental causes of water inrush and mud inrush, and human factors are mainly disturbance caused by engineering construction. It is a direct inductive factor of water inrush and mud inrush. Grouting is the most common method in the treatment of water and mud inrush disasters, but the complex and changeable geological conditions cause great trouble to the effective management of disasters. The main results are as follows: (1) in order to select suitable grouting technology for specific geological conditions, it is necessary to master and possess the construction methods and capabilities of various grouting techniques; (2) some complex strata are difficult to reinforce, resulting in a large amount of labor and material consumption. At present, most of the research on grouting is carried out under the condition of single medium, and the research on grouting theory and technology of complex medium is seldom carried out. In this paper, the diffusion and reinforcement mechanism of cement single liquid slurry is studied by using the method of combining theory with test root according to the condition of loose weak medium and combined with the characteristics of water evolution of cement single liquid slurry. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) the common cement slurry has the characteristics of rapid water evolution. It is proved by laboratory test that the excess free water in single cement slurry will precipitate rapidly under the action of gravity or grouting pressure, resulting in a great increase in the concentration and viscosity of the slurry. (2) aiming at the inhomogeneity of geological conditions, The concept of dominant diffusion region is proposed, which is divided into permeable dominant diffusion region and compressed dominant diffusion zone. The grouting test of loose soft medium was designed and carried out. The diffusion phenomenon, diffusion process and diffusion theory of slurry were studied. At the same time, the performance changes caused by water evolution in the process of slurry diffusion are analyzed. (3) the grouting reinforcement test of loose weak medium is designed and carried out. By using the method of model test, the phenomenon of grouting diffusion in medium with dominant diffusion zone is analyzed, and the strength of grouting plus solid is measured. It is proved that the existence of dominant diffusion zone is beneficial to the enhancement of solid strength. (4) based on the analysis and study of the characteristics of grouting and solid uniaxial compression and the failure of the interface between slurry and soil, the concept of "saturated layer of water evolution" is put forward. It is considered that the saturated layer of water evolution is the weak zone formed in the process of grouting. The cause of failure along the pulping of solid was explained.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU943
【引证文献】
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1 Masanori Nose;郭玉花;;日本大坝灌浆新技术(湿磨水泥)[A];现代灌浆技术译文集[C];1991年
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