智能照明系统粒子群优化的PID控制方法研究

发布时间：2018-07-23 17:50

【摘要】：随着近些年来,我国高层建筑(例如高档酒店、高层住宅、高级写字楼等)的不断增多,传统的建筑照明系统由于对能源的消耗较大,且不能根据室内实时照度的变化而对灯具的照度、室内窗帘的遮挡等进行实时的调节,且控制方式单一,系统严重滞后,已经无法满足人们日益增长的对于照明环境、照明氛围、照明用途的不同需求。在智能建筑领域,照明系统的能耗一直是建筑物能耗中的重要组成部分,据科学研究表明我国的建筑物能耗中照明部分的能耗占建筑物总能耗的27%以上,在当今世界能源逐步枯竭的时代,建筑的节能问题变得更加突出。本文为了解决系统能耗的问题,将自然光源引入室内照明之中,通过与人工光源的混合,达到节能的目的。为了满足不同的房间对照度的要求及系统的自我调节,本文采用PID控制器对照明系统与遮挡系统的进行控制,通过对PID控制中比例、积分、微分三个变量进行调节,能够更精准的对照度进行分级,以此满足不同的需求。由于传统的PID控制参数的选取是决定系统优良与否的重要指标,因此本文引入粒子群算法,借助粒子群所具有的自寻优的特点,使照明控制系统能够更快地完成预设的控制要求,并通过对粒子群的分析,进一步优化粒子群算法,使系统运行得更加迅速、可靠且更加节能。本文的完成具体工作如下：(1)有效利用自然光照和人工光源进行混合照明,实现符合照度要求的情况下根据室内当前照度和人眼的舒适程度主动调节室内百叶窗的遮阳角度和升降高度；(2)对室内灯具的亮度组合进行最优控制。利用光传感器采集观测点的照度数值,配合PID控制对灯具进行调节控制；(3)为了更好的优化PID控制参数,引入了粒子群优化算法,并更进一步通过对初始种群的选取及寻优的过程进行优化,避免陷入局部最优的情况；(4)结合上述研究内容设计系统,利用计算机仿真检验了系统的可靠运行,通过对结果的综合分析,明确了日后的研究方向。随着全球不可再生资源的日益枯竭,能源紧张局势的不断加剧,我国的能源产业暴露出来问题也越来越明显,因此为了应对未来有限资源的挑战,同时也是为子孙后代造福,在建筑物照明领域,更具节能潜力的智能自动调节照明系统必将成为将来发展的重点,这正是本文的选题的理论意义和实际价值。
[Abstract]:With the increasing number of high-rise buildings (such as high-grade hotels, high-rise residential buildings, high-grade office buildings, etc.) in recent years, the traditional building lighting system consumes a lot of energy. Moreover, the illumination of lamps and curtains can not be adjusted in real time according to the change of indoor real time illumination, and the control mode is single and the system lags behind seriously, so it can not meet the increasing lighting environment. Lighting atmosphere, lighting use of different needs. In the field of intelligent building, the energy consumption of lighting system is always an important part of building energy consumption. According to scientific research, the energy consumption of lighting part of the building energy consumption in our country accounts for more than 27% of the total building energy consumption. In the era of gradual depletion of energy in the world, energy-saving problems of buildings become more prominent. In order to solve the problem of energy consumption of the system, the natural light source is introduced into indoor lighting, and the energy saving is achieved by mixing it with artificial light source. In order to meet the requirements of different room contrast degree and self-adjustment of the system, this paper adopts PID controller to control the illumination system and the occlusion system, and adjusts the proportion, integral and differential variables in the PID control. Can more accurate contrast to grade, so as to meet different needs. Because the selection of traditional PID control parameters is an important index to decide whether the system is good or not, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is introduced in this paper, with the help of the characteristics of particle swarm optimization. The illumination control system can fulfill the preset control requirements more quickly, and through the analysis of particle swarm optimization, particle swarm optimization algorithm can make the system run faster, more reliable and more energy saving. The specific work of this paper is as follows: (1) the natural light and artificial light sources are effectively used for mixed lighting. According to the current illumination and the degree of human eye comfort, the shading angle and elevating height of indoor blinds can be adjusted actively. (2) the optimal control of the luminance combination of indoor lamps and lanterns is carried out. Light sensor is used to collect the illuminance value of observation point and adjust the luminaire with PID control. (3) in order to optimize the parameters of PID control, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is introduced. Furthermore, by optimizing the selection of initial population and the process of optimization, the situation of local optimum is avoided. (4) the reliable operation of the system is verified by computer simulation combined with the above research content design system. Through the comprehensive analysis of the results, the future research direction is clarified. With the increasing depletion of non-renewable resources in the world and the increasing energy tension, the problems in our energy industry are becoming more and more obvious. Therefore, in order to cope with the challenge of limited resources in the future, it is also for the benefit of future generations. In the field of building lighting, intelligent automatic regulation lighting system with more energy saving potential will become the focus of future development, which is the theoretical significance and practical value of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU113.66;TP18

【相似文献】