严寒地区硬质铺装在景观设计中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-07-31 13:11

【摘要】：硬质铺装设计绝不仅仅是简单的铺地,而应当是景观环境设计的有机组成部分,是和人的关系最密切的景观元素之一。当我们走在严寒地区的路上,常常会看到一些呆板如一的硬质铺装,使人枯燥乏味,极易产生疲惫感。倘若能将那些需要进行铺装的地方精心地设计一番,让它多一点变化,多一些情趣,多一些值得玩味和欣赏的东西,那么走路也许会成为赏心悦目的事情。当然,过多的变化也会引起疲劳,有时只需做一些适当的变化与调整,因此设计者需要很好地把握硬质铺装设计中的“度”的问题。铺地的实用功能在于为人类提供便捷可行的交通与活动的地面,应具备最基本的防滑、耐磨、便行、防尘排水等性能,当城市形象上升到精神文化层面,铺地的物质实用功能已远远不以满足城市的需要,这时的铺地不仅仅是铺地,而要提高到精神、文化、景观层面予以建设。如此一来对于铺地的向导性、装饰性、生态性、精神文化景观性等方面的建设更加注重,形成赏心悦目的地面景硼及务于城市景观空间。硬质砌块铺地以其独特的表面形态、丰富的艺术形态组合和便捷的操作生产方式而得以广泛的应用,具有深层次的研究意义与创新潜力。论文研究的内容是严寒地区硬质铺装的现状与优化设计的方法,对其进行调查与研究。论文首先通过对国内外严寒地区硬质铺装的发展现状的调查与研究,挖掘出其中存在的诸多问题。然后通过对严寒地区硬质铺装基本概念的进行系统总结,界定研究的对象和研究的范围。接着通过对严寒地区硬质铺装的基本性质,分析问题出现的原因,站在设计者和使用者的两个角度,辩证的分析问题。从环境心理学入手,分析人对环境的感受和环境对人的影响。通过硬质铺装对小气候的营造,缓解气候对人们出行的影响。对硬质铺装进行防滑处理和使用透水性铺装等方式,方便人们出行。丰富硬质铺装的颜色,尽量采用令人感到温暖、舒适的暖色系,丰富城市的色彩同时,缓解人们冬季不爱出行的心理感受。希望能通过对严寒地区硬质铺装设计方法的研究,克服气候不利因素带来的制约,减少低温带来的负面影响。针对严寒地区硬质铺装设计进行研究,探索环境优先的居住区景观发展模式。通过对严寒地区硬质铺装设计要素等方面的分析,提出严寒地区硬质铺装设计应从重视“以人为本”到重视自然环境与人和谐的“以环境为中心”的转变,走生态化设计的道路,改善和丰富严寒地区硬质铺装的形式和功能。通过就地取材,透水性铺装和废弃材料再利用三种方式,使得严寒地区硬质铺装设计达到可持续性发展的目的,做生态化的铺装。最后通过实际案例建三江森林公园进行研究,其中硬质铺装大量使用了当地特有的材料,结合当地特有的文化,就地取材,不仅节能低碳,符合可持续发展的原则,而且突出了当地的特色,为严寒地区硬质铺装今后的发展提供科学依据。
[Abstract]:Hard pavement design is not just a simple floor, but an organic part of the landscape design and one of the most closely related landscape elements. When we walk in the cold area, we often see a few rigid paving, boring and exhausting. To make the place carefully designed to make it a little more change, more fun, more worthwhile and appreciative things, walking may be a pleasing thing. Of course, too much change will cause fatigue, and sometimes only a few appropriate changes and adjustments are needed, so the designer needs to be very hard to grasp the hard. The practical function of the paving is to provide people with convenient and feasible ground for traffic and activity. It should have the most basic skidproof, wear-resistant, convenient, dust-proof drainage and other performance. When the city image rises to the spiritual and cultural level, the physical and practical functions of the pavements are far from meeting the needs of the city. The pavement is not only the ground, but also to the spiritual, cultural and landscape level, so it pays more attention to the construction of the guide, ornamental, ecological, spiritual and cultural landscape of the paved land, and forms the unique surface form of the hard masonry pavements. Rich art form combination and convenient operation mode of production can be widely used, with deep research significance and innovation potential. The content of this paper is the current situation and optimization design method of hard pavement in severe cold areas. Through the investigation and research of the present situation, many problems are excavated. Then, through a systematic summary of the basic concepts of hard paving in the cold region, the object and scope of the research are defined. Then, through the basic properties of hard paving in the cold region, the reasons are analyzed, and two of the designers and the users are standing. From the environmental psychology, it analyzes the feelings of the environment and the influence of the environment on the people. Through the construction of the microclimate, the influence of the climate on the people is relieved through the hard paving. The anti skid treatment and the use of the permeable paving for hard pavement are used to facilitate people to travel. Try to use the warm and comfortable warm color system to enrich the color of the city and alleviate the psychological feelings that people don't like to travel in winter. We hope to overcome the constraints brought by the climate disadvantageous factors and reduce the negative effects of the low temperature zone through the study of the hard pavement design method in the cold region. Through the analysis of the elements of hard pavement design in severe cold areas, the paper puts forward that the hard pavement design should pay attention to "people-oriented" to "environment centered", and take the road of ecological design to improve and improve the environment. To enrich the form and function of hard pavement in severe cold area. Through three ways of taking material, permeable paving and reusing waste material, the hard pavement design in the cold area can achieve the purpose of sustainable development and make ecological paving. Finally, the Sanjiang Forest Park is built through practical cases, in which hard paving is made in large quantities. With local unique materials and local culture, local material is not only energy saving and low carbon, but also accords with the principle of sustainable development. It also highlights the local characteristics and provides scientific basis for the future development of hard pavement in severe cold areas.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU986

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