强化混凝与麦饭石吸附联用处理低温低浊水的试验研究

发布时间：2018-07-31 15:54

【摘要】：低温低浊水的处理一直是我国水处理过程中比较棘手的问题,尤其是在冰冻期较长的北方,季节性氨氮、有机物污染问题严重,加剧了水处理的难度。针对我国北方低温低浊水处理效果不佳的问题,提出一种高效、经济、环保的处理技术进而实现低温低浊水中污染物的有效去除是十分必要的。本论文以阜新市某公园水为研究对象,构建强化混凝—麦饭石吸附的组合工艺处理低温低浊水,将麦饭石的吸附能力与优选混凝条件有机结合起来。其主要优势：强化混凝通过改善混凝条件进而提高浊度的去除率并扩大有机物的去除范围,该方法经济、方便且去除效果较好；另外麦饭石具有较大的比表面积,且对氨氮有较强的吸附能力。两者相结合可实现浊度、有机物、氨氮的经济、高效去除,且出水水质较好。本试验通过静态试验(烧杯试验)和动态试验(动态柱试验)两种方式对低温低浊微污染水进行研究。首先通过静态单因素试验对试验进行分析,研究各因素对混凝效果的影响；并在单因素试验的基础上构建响应面模型,确定PAFC投加量、PAM投加量、PAM投加点的响应方程和交互影响关系,最终根据Design-Expert对试验结果优化,确定最佳混凝条件。其次,根据静态试验确定的最佳工艺参数对低温低浊水进行混凝试验,静置30min后出水经过动态试验柱,研究不同吸附材料对浊度、氨氮和COD的去除率效果。试验结果表明：水力搅拌条件快速搅拌45s(350r/min),一级絮凝搅拌6min (90r/min),二级絮凝搅拌9min (50r/min),静置时间30min, PAFC. PAM用量分别为17.80mg/L、 0.39mg/L, PAM投加点为-0.01时,此时去除效果最好,浊度、氨氮、COD的去除率分别为68.03%、10.92%和30.2%。经Na2SO4改性麦饭石处理效果较好,其对为浊度、氨氮和COD去除率为96.57%、67.25%、74.79%,比混凝后出水去除率可提高39.76%、56.66%、43.98%,且出水水质较好。通过以上研究发现,强化混凝—麦饭石吸附联用对低温低浊水有较好的去除效果,出水浊度、氨氮和pH均可达到饮用水标准,COD可达到集中式生活饮用水的II类标准,证明了该方法处理低温低浊水的可行性和有效性。
[Abstract]:The treatment of low temperature and low turbidity water has always been a difficult problem in the process of water treatment in China, especially in the north of China, where the seasonal ammonia nitrogen and organic pollution are serious, which aggravate the difficulty of water treatment. In view of the poor treatment effect of low temperature and low turbidity water in northern China, it is very necessary to put forward an efficient, economical and environmental protection treatment technology to realize the effective removal of pollutants in low temperature and low turbidity water. This paper takes a park water in Fuxin as the research object, constructs the combination process of strengthening coagulation-Maifan stone adsorption to treat low temperature and low turbidity water, and organically combines the adsorption ability of Maifan stone with the optimum coagulation condition. The main advantages of this method are as follows: enhanced coagulation can improve the turbidity removal rate and expand the removal range of organic matter by improving coagulation conditions. This method is economical, convenient and effective in removing organic matter. In addition, Maifan stone has a large specific surface area. And the adsorption ability of ammonia nitrogen is strong. The combination of the two can realize the economic and efficient removal of turbidity, organic matter and ammonia nitrogen, and the effluent quality is better. Static test (beaker test) and dynamic test (dynamic column test) were used to study low-temperature and low-turbidity micro-polluted water. Firstly, the static single factor test is used to analyze the effect of each factor on coagulation effect, and the response surface model is constructed based on the single factor test. The response equation and interaction relation of PAFC dosing point were determined. Finally, the optimum coagulation conditions were determined according to the experimental results optimized by Design-Expert. Secondly, the coagulation test of low temperature and low turbidity water was carried out according to the optimum process parameters determined by static test. The removal efficiency of turbidity, ammonia nitrogen and COD was studied by using dynamic column of effluent after static 30min. The results showed that the conditions of hydraulic stirring were rapid agitation for 45s (350r/min), first-grade flocculation agitation 6min (90r/min), second-order flocculating agitating 9min (50r/min), setting time 30min, PAFC. When the dosage of PAM was 17.80 mg / L, 0.39 mg / L, and the point of PAM was -0.01, the removal rate of turbidity and ammonia nitrogen was 68.03% 10.92% and 30.2% respectively. The effect of modified Maifanite treated by Na2SO4 is better, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and COD is 96.57% 67.25 and 74.79, which can increase the removal rate of 39.7666.66% and 43.98%, and the quality of the effluent is better than that after coagulation. Through the above research, it is found that the combined use of enhanced coagulation and Mailanshi adsorption has a better removal effect on low temperature and low turbidity water. The effluent turbidity, ammonia nitrogen and pH can reach the drinking water standard and COD can reach the class II standard of centralized drinking water. It is proved that this method is feasible and effective in treating low temperature and low turbidity water.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁工程技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU991.2

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