PLC与模糊PID技术在恒压供水中的应用
发布时间：2018-08-18 20:11
【摘要】：随着城市化的大力推进和人们对住房要求的提高,高层楼房的需求量将会呈现出攀升的趋势,高层楼房带来的问题也越来越多,高层供水就是一个突出问题。传统的供水方式都存在效率偏低、稳定性差、能耗和浪费较大的问题,而高层供水则必须要求系统具有较好的稳定性和节能性。所以为了更好的解决高层供水问题,本文设计了一套基于PLC和模糊PID技术的恒压供水系统。本系统利用了先进的模糊控制技术、变频控制技术和电气控制技术,加强了恒压供水系统的智能性和高效性,使恒压供水系统能够完全胜任高层供水的任务。由于恒压供水系统具有滞后性、大惯性和干扰因素多的特点,传统的变频调速不能满足水泵运行的所有工况,所以必须采用具有自适应能力的算法。本系统采用模糊PID算法,该算法同时具有PID算法与模糊算法的优点,可以适应水泵运行的各种工况,能够满足高层楼房对恒压供水系统的要求。本系统运用MATLAB软件和Simulink软件包对模糊PID控制器进行辅助设计,第一步确定系统的输入输出变量,并将其模糊化;第二步确定恒压供水系统的模糊规则,模糊规则是利用设计者的知识和经验设计的;第三步进行模糊输出变量的去模糊化。利用MATLAB软件完成模糊PID控制器之后,选择合适的供水模型就可以实现对恒压供水系统的仿真。通过仿真曲线来比较模糊PID算法和传统PID算法,参数对比之后会得出模糊PID算法的动态特性、静态特性和鲁棒性更好。本系统硬件结构主要包括S7-200PLC、MM430变频器、水泵电机和传感器,系统的主要工作过程为:压力传感器采集管网水压信号送入PLC,在PLC的CPU进行处理之后把模拟量信号送入变频器,变频器根据PLC送入的模拟量电压来调节自身频率的大小,进一步来调节电动机的速度。程序设计主要分为自动运行控制和手动运行控制两个部分,系统根据是否存在故障这一实际运行状况来判断是采用自动运行控制还是手动运行控制。模糊PID控制器的应用,使恒压供水系统的自适应能力增强,使变频器和水泵电机高效的工作。本系统的管网水压波动小,大大减少了电能的浪费,并且降低了设备故障的概率,达到了高层供水的要求,能满足居民对日常生活用水的需要。
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization and the improvement of people's demand for housing, the demand of high-rise buildings will be rising, and the problems caused by high-rise buildings will be more and more. High-rise water supply is a prominent problem. The traditional water supply methods have some problems such as low efficiency, poor stability, large energy consumption and waste, while the high water supply system must have better stability and energy saving. So in order to solve the problem of high-rise water supply, this paper designs a set of constant pressure water supply system based on PLC and fuzzy PID technology. The system utilizes advanced fuzzy control technology, frequency conversion control technology and electrical control technology, which strengthens the intelligence and efficiency of the constant pressure water supply system, and makes the constant pressure water supply system fully competent for the task of high level water supply. Because the constant pressure water supply system has the characteristics of lag, large inertia and many interference factors, the traditional frequency conversion speed regulation can not meet all the operating conditions of the pump, so it is necessary to adopt an adaptive algorithm. The system adopts fuzzy PID algorithm, which has the advantages of both PID algorithm and fuzzy algorithm. It can adapt to various operating conditions of water pump, and can meet the requirements of high buildings for constant pressure water supply system. The system uses MATLAB software and Simulink software package to design the fuzzy PID controller. The first step is to determine the input and output variables of the system, and the second step is to determine the fuzzy rules of the constant pressure water supply system. Fuzzy rules are designed by using the designer's knowledge and experience, and the third step is to defuzzify the fuzzy output variables. After the fuzzy PID controller is completed by using MATLAB software, the simulation of the constant pressure water supply system can be realized by selecting the appropriate water supply model. The simulation curve is used to compare the fuzzy PID algorithm with the traditional PID algorithm. After comparing the parameters, the dynamic, static and robust characteristics of the fuzzy PID algorithm are obtained. The hardware structure of the system mainly includes S7-200PLCU MM430 converter, pump motor and sensor. The main working process of the system is: pressure sensor collects water pressure signal of pipe network and sends it into PLC, after processing CPU of PLC, analog signal is sent to frequency converter. The frequency converter adjusts its frequency according to the analog voltage sent by PLC, and further adjusts the speed of the motor. The program design is mainly divided into two parts: automatic operation control and manual operation control. The system determines whether automatic operation control or manual operation control is adopted according to the actual running condition of whether there is fault or not. The application of fuzzy PID controller enhances the adaptive ability of constant pressure water supply system and makes the inverter and pump motor work efficiently. The water pressure fluctuation of the system is small, the waste of electric energy is greatly reduced, the probability of equipment failure is reduced, and the requirement of high water supply is reached, which can meet the needs of residents for daily use of water.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU821;TP273
本文编号：2190548
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization and the improvement of people's demand for housing, the demand of high-rise buildings will be rising, and the problems caused by high-rise buildings will be more and more. High-rise water supply is a prominent problem. The traditional water supply methods have some problems such as low efficiency, poor stability, large energy consumption and waste, while the high water supply system must have better stability and energy saving. So in order to solve the problem of high-rise water supply, this paper designs a set of constant pressure water supply system based on PLC and fuzzy PID technology. The system utilizes advanced fuzzy control technology, frequency conversion control technology and electrical control technology, which strengthens the intelligence and efficiency of the constant pressure water supply system, and makes the constant pressure water supply system fully competent for the task of high level water supply. Because the constant pressure water supply system has the characteristics of lag, large inertia and many interference factors, the traditional frequency conversion speed regulation can not meet all the operating conditions of the pump, so it is necessary to adopt an adaptive algorithm. The system adopts fuzzy PID algorithm, which has the advantages of both PID algorithm and fuzzy algorithm. It can adapt to various operating conditions of water pump, and can meet the requirements of high buildings for constant pressure water supply system. The system uses MATLAB software and Simulink software package to design the fuzzy PID controller. The first step is to determine the input and output variables of the system, and the second step is to determine the fuzzy rules of the constant pressure water supply system. Fuzzy rules are designed by using the designer's knowledge and experience, and the third step is to defuzzify the fuzzy output variables. After the fuzzy PID controller is completed by using MATLAB software, the simulation of the constant pressure water supply system can be realized by selecting the appropriate water supply model. The simulation curve is used to compare the fuzzy PID algorithm with the traditional PID algorithm. After comparing the parameters, the dynamic, static and robust characteristics of the fuzzy PID algorithm are obtained. The hardware structure of the system mainly includes S7-200PLCU MM430 converter, pump motor and sensor. The main working process of the system is: pressure sensor collects water pressure signal of pipe network and sends it into PLC, after processing CPU of PLC, analog signal is sent to frequency converter. The frequency converter adjusts its frequency according to the analog voltage sent by PLC, and further adjusts the speed of the motor. The program design is mainly divided into two parts: automatic operation control and manual operation control. The system determines whether automatic operation control or manual operation control is adopted according to the actual running condition of whether there is fault or not. The application of fuzzy PID controller enhances the adaptive ability of constant pressure water supply system and makes the inverter and pump motor work efficiently. The water pressure fluctuation of the system is small, the waste of electric energy is greatly reduced, the probability of equipment failure is reduced, and the requirement of high water supply is reached, which can meet the needs of residents for daily use of water.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU821;TP273
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前4条
1 汤立刚;;PLC变频供水系统的设计与实现[J];科技资讯;2013年27期
2 梁振光;;变电站电磁骚扰耦合路径分析[J];高电压技术;2008年11期
3 夏国宏;;求解模糊控制表的方法[J];机电工程技术;2006年10期
4 马小亮;变频器的应用及市场[J];电工技术杂志;2002年10期
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