重庆地区大中型百货商场中庭空间自然通风设计研究

发布时间：2018-08-26 11:55

【摘要】：百货商场是城市中重要的建筑类型。长久以来,百货商场主要采用空调系统进行采暖降温,忽视了自然通风的作用,从而使其成为了建筑的能耗大户。然而,适宜的自然通风不仅能降低能耗,也可以改善室内空气质量,是百货商场走向绿色发展的必由之路。重庆地区属于夏热冬冷气候区,为了保证室内热环境的舒适性,该地区百货商场主要采用空调系统进行通风降温,而很少考虑在过渡季节利用自然通风降低能耗、增加热舒适的节能潜力,这就是本论文选题的由来。百货商场由于进深较大,只靠水平方向的风压通风效果不佳,还需要利用竖向空间进行热压通风,其中最为常见的就是中庭空间。因此,本文旨在研究针对重庆地区的百货商场中庭空间各要素对自然通风的影响,并试图通过对比由CFD模拟的风热压混合作用下的通风效果,从而整合出与切合建筑设计的策略。本文共分为6个部分:第一章绪论,提出课题的研究背景、对象以及范围,介绍了选题来源、研究意义、内容以及框架。在第二章中,通过对重庆地区气象资料的分析解读,从百货商场中人员热舒适及节能的需求出发,探索自然通风对室内热舒适的改观,论证百货商场利用自然通风的可行性。第三章由中庭的形态要素与界面要素入手,采用归纳以及实地调研、数据统计等研究方法,从设计的角度分析其与通风的关系;并探讨了中庭型式、形状、面积占比等与通风相关的基础数据,为下一步的模拟制定方案。在通过第二、三章充分的对问题进行认识的基础上,第四章根据相关规范、调研数据、资料统计等制定出具有普适性、代表性的模拟原型;并采用重庆地区气象参数,利用CFD软件对建筑的内外流场进行计算,得出了中庭平面、剖面形态,面积占比,顶界面开口高度等与建筑设计密切相关的设计策略。第五章是采用设计策略对实践项目进行优化和验证。第六章则在总结全文的同时,对研究中的不足进行思考和展望。在实际的设计中,由于建筑和地区微气候的复杂性,导致模拟与现实有一定的差距;然而本文的写作意义除了提出的通风设计策略外,更重要的则体现在提供研究方法与思路的参考。
[Abstract]:The department store is an important building type in the city. For a long time, the department store mainly uses the air conditioning system for heating and cooling, ignoring the role of natural ventilation, which makes it become a large energy consumption house. However, proper natural ventilation can not only reduce energy consumption, but also improve indoor air quality. Chongqing is a hot summer and cold winter climate area. In order to ensure the comfort of indoor thermal environment, the department store in this area mainly uses air conditioning system to cool down, but seldom considers using natural ventilation to reduce energy consumption in the transitional season. Increasing the energy saving potential of thermal comfort is the origin of this thesis. The department store needs to use vertical space for hot press ventilation only by horizontal wind pressure because of its large depth. The most common one is atrium space. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study the influence of various elements of atrium space on natural ventilation in department stores in Chongqing area, and try to compare the ventilation effect under the combined action of wind and hot pressure simulated by CFD. Thus integrate and fit the strategy of architectural design. This paper is divided into six parts: the first chapter introduces the background, object and scope of the research, and introduces the origin, significance, content and framework of the topic. In the second chapter, through the analysis and interpretation of meteorological data in Chongqing area, starting from the demand of thermal comfort and energy saving for personnel in department stores, this paper explores the change of natural ventilation to indoor thermal comfort, and proves the feasibility of using natural ventilation in department stores. The third chapter starts with the form elements and interface elements of atrium, and analyzes the relationship between atrium form and ventilation from the angle of design by means of induction, field investigation, data statistics and so on, and discusses the form and shape of atrium. Area ratio and other basic data related to ventilation, for the next simulation program. On the basis of full understanding of the problem through the second and third chapters, the fourth chapter formulates a universal and representative simulation prototype according to the relevant norms, investigation data, data statistics, etc., and adopts the meteorological parameters of Chongqing area. The internal and external flow field of the building is calculated by using CFD software, and the design strategies related to the architectural design are obtained, such as atrium plane, section shape, area ratio, top interface opening height and so on. The fifth chapter is to optimize and verify the practical project by using the design strategy. The sixth chapter summarizes the full text, at the same time, carries on the reflection and the prospect to the research insufficiency. In the actual design, due to the complexity of architecture and regional microclimate, there is a certain gap between simulation and reality. However, the significance of this paper is in addition to the proposed ventilation design strategy. What is more important is to provide the reference of research method and train of thought.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU834.1

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