牡丹专类园规划设计方法与实践研究

发布时间：2018-09-05 13:42

【摘要】：牡丹是我国十大传统名花之一,种质资源极其丰富,是中国园林观赏花木中一个非常重要的种类。据记载,两汉时期已经开始栽培牡丹,经过唐、宋、元明清时期的不断发展,牡丹逐渐成为人们日常生活中的一部分,其雍容华贵、繁荣昌盛和幸福美好的寓意成为牡丹文化内涵的重要组成部分。牡丹的栽培应用从古代园林中单一的花坛、花台逐渐发展成牡丹专类园。在现代园林中,牡丹专类园是牡丹进行观赏栽培的主要形式,园中集中栽植牡丹品种,不仅丰富了牡丹的园林应用形式,而且对于引种驯化、资源保护和科普教育也起到一定的促进作用。论文的主要研究成果如下:1.深入了解牡丹的分类、观赏特性与生态习性、栽培历史及所承载的独特的文化意蕴。我国栽培牡丹历史悠久,形成了以牡丹为主题的神话传说、诗词歌赋、绘画及民俗文化。2.了解国内外专类园的发展历程,对牡丹专类园的作用及概念有一定的理解。理清牡丹专类园发展的历史脉络,比较国内外牡丹专类园的差异,得出存在差距的原因主要是牡丹在资源、文化及历史上的不同造成的。3.总结提出牡丹专类园的规划设计方法。根据场地地形的不同将牡丹专类园分为三类:山地牡丹专类园、台地牡丹专类园、平地牡丹专类园。牡丹典型的忌涝、喜阳而不耐日晒的生理要求,使其更适于生长在有一定遮荫条件的山地和台地中,平地栽植牡丹要通过人工排水设施和适宜的植物配置为其创造优良的生长环境。牡丹专类园以牡丹栽植为主,对牡丹的品种,及花色、花期、花型等特点进行分类概述,考虑复层式的植物群落,使牡丹与其他植物配置更加合理,营造四季园林景观。同时利用园林建筑、景观小品等服务设施加强塑造牡丹的文化内涵。4.以陕西省汉中市武乡镇焦牛村的油用牡丹生态园中的一块山地牡丹园为例,结合已提出的山地牡丹专类园的规划设计方法,对该场地进行合理的景观设计及牡丹的配置,以证明本论文方法的可行性。
[Abstract]:Peony is one of the top ten traditional flowers in China, and is very rich in germplasm resources. It is a very important species of ornamental flowers and trees in Chinese gardens. According to records, the cultivation of peonies had begun in the Han Dynasty. After the continuous development of the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, peony gradually became a part of people's daily life, and its grace and grandeur were very important. The meaning of prosperity and happiness becomes an important part of the cultural connotation of peony. The cultivation and application of peony gradually developed from a single flower bed in ancient gardens to a peony garden. In modern gardens, the peony garden is the main form of peony ornamental cultivation. The concentrated planting of peony varieties in the garden not only enriches the garden application forms of peony, but also acclimates the introduction and domestication of peony. Resources protection and popular science education also play a role in promoting. The main research results of this paper are as follows: 1. Understand the classification of peony, ornamental characteristics and ecological habits, culture history and bearing unique cultural implications. The cultivation of peonies in China has a long history, forming myths and legends with the theme of peony, poetry and song, painting and folk culture. To understand the development course of the specialized garden at home and abroad, and to understand the function and concept of the peony garden. This paper clarifies the historical context of the development of peony specialty gardens, compares the differences between domestic and foreign peony gardens, and draws the conclusion that the reasons for the differences are mainly caused by the differences in resources, culture and history of peony. Summarize and put forward the planning and design method of peony garden. According to the different terrain, the peony garden is divided into three types: the mountain peony garden, the platform peony garden and the flat peony garden. Peony's typical anti-waterlogging and sun-intolerant physiological requirements make it more suitable for growing in mountains and terraces with certain shading conditions. The planting of peony on flat ground should create good growth environment through artificial drainage and suitable plant configuration. The peony orchard is mainly planted with peony, the variety, flower color, flowering period, flower type and other characteristics of peony are classified and summarized. The multi-layer plant community is considered to make the allocation of peony and other plants more reasonable and to create the landscape of four seasons. At the same time, the use of landscape architecture, landscape sketch and other service facilities to strengthen the cultural connotation of shaping peony. 4. Taking a mountain peony garden in JiaoNiu village of Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province as an example, combining with the proposed planning and design method of mountain peony garden, reasonable landscape design and peony allocation are carried out. To prove the feasibility of this method.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU986

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