高效节能型溶液除湿空调系统建模与优化研究

发布时间：2018-09-10 07:39

【摘要】：在现代社会,随着生活水平的提高,人们对室内空气质量,特别是室内温湿度的要求越来越高；传统空调温湿度调节方法已经无法满足人们的需求,同时传统空调在湿度控制过程中能源效率低,浪费了大量的电能。溶液除湿空调系统以其独立温湿度控制、高能源效率、利用太阳能和工业废热等低品位热能进行再生等优点一直被认为是新一代有前途的空调系统,倍受研究者的关注。本文设计和开发了一种高效节能型溶液除湿空调系统,并针对溶液除湿空调系统进行了建模和实时运行优化策略研究,将开发的优化运行策略成功应用在开发的溶液除湿空调系统样机,显著提升和改善了系统的性能和能源运用效率,充分发掘了溶液除湿空调系统的节能潜力,为溶液除湿空调系统的研究提出了新的研究思路与方向。本文的主要贡献及创新点如下：(1)设计和开发了一种高效节能型溶液除湿空调系统。从现有溶液除湿空调系统的局限性出发,首次将热管回收和能量存储理念应用于溶液除湿空调系统之中,提出了除湿再生混杂运行模式。与现有溶液除湿空调系统相比,设计的系统在能源利用率、除湿效率和应用范围等方面均有显著改善。(2)从能量守恒、质量守恒和传热传质基本理论出发,分析除湿器和再生器内传热传质过程,提出利用混合建模方法来建立溶液除湿空调系统的模型,包含除湿器传热传质模型、再生器传热传质模型、热管回收器能量回收模型和存储罐模型。实验结果表明所建立模型的预测系统传热传质性能和热管回收器能量回收速率的相对误差在15%以内。该模型具有形式简单、计算复杂度低、无需迭代计算、预测传热传质性能准确等优点,可以应用在溶液除湿空调系统的性能预测、实时运行优化等多种应用领域。(3)研究开发除湿器实时运行优化策略,并成功应用在实际溶液除湿空调系统。分析除湿器内各部件的能耗特点,建立制冷机、除湿风机和除湿溶液泵的混合能量模型,可以快速准确地计算和评估不同运行方案下除湿器的能耗。以除湿器总能耗为目标函数,以溶液流量和温度为优化变量建立了带约束条件的非线性单目标优化模型,开发了除湿器的实时运行优化策略,并运用进化遗传算法在可行域内求解优化模型。实验结果表明除湿器实时运行优化策略能够实现系统节能12%,显著提高除湿器能量利用效率,充分发掘了溶液除湿空调系统的节能潜力。(4)开发再生器实时多目标优化策略,采用多目标优化方法分析再生器实时优化问题。通过分析再生器功能及各部件的特点,建立了以再生器的能耗和再生速率为目标函数,以再生溶液流量、温度和再生空气流量为优化变量的多目标优化模型。运用改进的多目标优化粒子群算法在可行域内求得多目标优化问题的Pareto解集,结合决策策略选取最终满意解。实验研究结果表明当外界空气温度较高时,再生器实时多目标优化运行策略可实现节能高达19.7%。此外,分时段实验比较发现,环境温度越高,相对湿度越低,再生器的节能空间越大。
[Abstract]:In modern society, with the improvement of living standards, people have higher and higher requirements for indoor air quality, especially for indoor temperature and humidity. Traditional air conditioning temperature and humidity regulation methods have been unable to meet people's needs. At the same time, traditional air conditioning in the process of humidity control energy efficiency is low, waste a lot of electricity. The advantages of independent temperature and humidity control, high energy efficiency, and regeneration of low-grade thermal energy, such as solar energy and industrial waste heat, have been regarded as a new generation of promising air conditioning system, which has attracted much attention of researchers. Modeling and real-time operation optimization strategy are studied. The optimized operation strategy is successfully applied to the prototype of the solution desiccant air conditioning system. The performance and energy efficiency of the system are significantly improved and the energy-saving potential of the solution desiccant air conditioning system is fully exploited. A new study is proposed for the study of the solution desiccant air conditioning system. The main contributions and innovations of this paper are as follows: (1) An efficient and energy-saving solution dehumidification air conditioning system is designed and developed. Starting from the limitations of the existing solution dehumidification air conditioning system, the concept of heat pipe recovery and energy storage is applied to the solution dehumidification air conditioning system for the first time, and a hybrid operation mode of dehumidification and regeneration is proposed. Compared with the existing liquid desiccant air conditioning system, the designed system has remarkable improvement in energy utilization, dehumidification efficiency and application range. (2) Based on the basic theory of energy conservation, mass conservation and heat and mass transfer, the heat and mass transfer process in the dehumidifier and regenerator is analyzed, and a hybrid modeling method is proposed to establish the liquid desiccant air. The model of regulating system includes heat and mass transfer model of dehumidifier, heat and mass transfer model of regenerator, energy recovery model of heat pipe reclaimer and storage tank model. The experimental results show that the relative error of the model is less than 15%. It has the advantages of low complexity, no need of iterative calculation and accurate prediction of heat and mass transfer performance. It can be used in many application fields, such as performance prediction and real-time operation optimization of liquid desiccant air conditioning system. (3) Real-time operation optimization strategy of desiccant is researched and developed, and it is successfully applied in actual liquid desiccant air conditioning system. Based on the characteristics of energy consumption, a mixed energy model of refrigeratory, dehumidification fan and dehumidification solution pump is established, which can quickly and accurately calculate and evaluate the energy consumption of dehumidifier under different operation schemes. The experimental results show that the real-time operation optimization strategy of the dehumidifier can save energy by 12%, significantly improve the energy utilization efficiency of the dehumidifier, and fully explore the energy-saving potential of the solution dehumidification air conditioning system. (4) Real-time development of regenerator more. By analyzing the function of regenerator and the characteristics of its components, a multi-objective optimization model with the energy consumption and regeneration rate as the objective function and the flow rate of regenerated solution, temperature and regenerated air as the optimization variables was established. The experimental results show that the regenerator real-time multi-objective optimization strategy can save energy as high as 19.7% when the ambient air temperature is high. In addition, comparisons of time-interval experiments show that the environmental temperature is higher. The lower the relative humidity, the greater the energy saving space of the regenerator.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU834.9

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