以感知为基础的建筑的材料表达
发布时间：2018-09-19 20:11
【摘要】：经济与文化的发展,促使人们的对建筑的功能需求和审美需求持续提高,进而要求着建筑师的创新意识必须紧跟脚步。在这样的背景下,传统建筑材料的新使用与新组合在设计中不断萌生,新型建筑材料在科技的催生下如雨后春笋般涌现。建筑师对材料的使用如何达到符合建筑文本的意蕴表达,是建筑师们需要研究的问题。然而,在这样大量的材料信息之中,如何选用适当的材料语汇以表达自己的建筑理念,构成建筑形象,营造建筑氛围是许多建筑师比较困惑的事情,本文正是从材料感知为基础入手,说明材料在建筑空间以及形式中提供自然感知的表达效果,以及材料在建筑中的自我解析的表达效果。在这一研究过程中,我们首先说明了观者采集并消化理解建筑所表达的信息的基础过程——感知,拆解了感知中存在的过程并与建筑材料相融合联系,说明材料具有生理性知觉、心理性诠释以及概念性认知。认知贯穿在感知全过程当中,以注意力的方式引导着知觉对于材料表面质感的信息采集,以“前理解”的存在影响着材料语义的诠释,并通过物质信息与个人理解的综合处理,整合了材料的认知概念的形成。建筑材料作用在建筑的空间、形式的抽象概念之上时,其表达内容的呈现不仅仅是表面的视觉属性,且存在一种以诠释概念为基础的整体的自然感知。这种感知内容是以知觉为基础的,但并不以知觉为终止,而是在知觉信息基础上的升华。在纯粹追求建筑空间与形式组合时,现代建筑师愿意将材料的表面视觉属性消减处理以屏蔽材料所拥有的这种自然感知,从而能够将建筑空间、建筑形式的概念凸显出来。而在不回避建筑材料对观者的感知影响时,观者认知中材料的整体概念在空间与建筑形象表达过程当中产生作用,以其诠释内涵和象征意义在统领着整个空间与建筑形象的感知定位。此外,由于一些材料的特殊性,其本身可以不拘束于建筑的内外空间界面,而是交融在空间之间进行其感知贡献,形成空间边界的柔化,缔造空间之间的层次,甚至营造出虚幻的空间感知来。而在现今的建筑设计之中,材料开始不仅仅扮演构成空间和建筑形象的语汇的角色,在许多建筑的表达之中,建筑师对于建筑材料的重视和设计使材料本身足够成为建筑文本的中心与亮点。这时,建筑师对材料的分析和重构,使材料表达出了非其自然感知的解析性感知,让其脱离了建筑的空间表达,而进行自我的表达,并以“诠释学循环”的过程,以部分的意义代表着建筑的整体。材料的解析感知,是一个以挑战材料在认知结构中拥有的认知概念而引起观者注意力的非自然的表达过程。由于材料本身的表面与空间两种属性,这种解析后的异化可能在建筑材料表面质感上产生,也可能在其使用与建造方式中产生,或者是抽象的材料的诠释与认知概念的形成过程中产生。总之,无论是为建筑的空间和形式增添感知意趣,或者是表现自身的特殊设计成为建筑当中的景致,建筑材料在建筑中的感知表达,都拥有重要的意义。那么反过来,建筑师们在叙述自己的建筑时,所选建筑材料的认知是否符合其建筑要表达的意义,又是否要在材料的设计上别具匠心而让材料应用成为建筑形象的引领,是必须在材料语汇的选用与设计前“斟字酌句”的。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and culture, people's functional and aesthetic needs for architecture have been continuously improved, which requires architects'innovative consciousness to keep pace with each other. Under such a background, the new use and combination of traditional building materials have been sprouting up in the design, and new building materials have sprung up like bamboo shoots after the birth of Science and technology. Nowadays, how architects use materials to express the meaning of architectural texts is a problem that architects need to study. However, in such a large amount of material information, how to choose the appropriate vocabulary of materials to express their architectural concepts, form architectural image and create an architectural atmosphere is a puzzling thing for many architects. Based on the perception of materials, this paper illustrates the expressive effect of materials providing natural perception in building space and form, and the expressive effect of materials'self-analysis in building. The process of perception and its integration with building materials are dismantled to show that materials have physiological perception, psychological interpretation and conceptual cognition. When building materials act on the abstract concepts of space and form of architecture, the presentation of its content is not only the visual properties of the surface, but also the existence of an overall natural perception based on the interpretation of concepts. The perceptual content is based on perception, but not terminated by perception, but is sublimated on the basis of perceptual information. Purely pursuing the combination of architectural space and form, modern architects are willing to reduce the surface visual properties of materials to shield the natural perception of materials, so as to be able to make architectural space and shape. The concept of "style" is highlighted. Without avoiding the influence of building materials on the viewer's perception, the overall concept of materials in the viewer's cognition plays a role in the process of expression of space and building image, and the perceptual orientation of the whole space and building image is dominated by its interpretative connotation and symbolic meaning. It can not be confined to the internal and external space interface of the building itself, but blend between the space to make its perceptual contribution, form the softening of the space boundary, create the layers between the spaces, and even create the illusory space perception. The role of the architect in many architectural expressions, the architect's emphasis on building materials and design to make the material itself enough to become the center and highlight of the building text. The analytical perception of materials is an unnatural process of expression that challenges the cognitive concepts possessed by materials in the cognitive structure and attracts the attention of the viewer. In short, whether it is to add a sense of interest to the space and form of architecture, or to express its own special design into the landscape of architecture, architecture. The perceptual expression of materials in architecture is of great significance. In turn, the vocabulary of materials must be the vocabulary of materials if the perception of the selected building materials conforms to the meaning to be expressed in architecture, and if the design of materials is ingenious enough to make the application of materials the guide of architectural image. The selection and design of the word before the word.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU50
本文编号：2251204
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and culture, people's functional and aesthetic needs for architecture have been continuously improved, which requires architects'innovative consciousness to keep pace with each other. Under such a background, the new use and combination of traditional building materials have been sprouting up in the design, and new building materials have sprung up like bamboo shoots after the birth of Science and technology. Nowadays, how architects use materials to express the meaning of architectural texts is a problem that architects need to study. However, in such a large amount of material information, how to choose the appropriate vocabulary of materials to express their architectural concepts, form architectural image and create an architectural atmosphere is a puzzling thing for many architects. Based on the perception of materials, this paper illustrates the expressive effect of materials providing natural perception in building space and form, and the expressive effect of materials'self-analysis in building. The process of perception and its integration with building materials are dismantled to show that materials have physiological perception, psychological interpretation and conceptual cognition. When building materials act on the abstract concepts of space and form of architecture, the presentation of its content is not only the visual properties of the surface, but also the existence of an overall natural perception based on the interpretation of concepts. The perceptual content is based on perception, but not terminated by perception, but is sublimated on the basis of perceptual information. Purely pursuing the combination of architectural space and form, modern architects are willing to reduce the surface visual properties of materials to shield the natural perception of materials, so as to be able to make architectural space and shape. The concept of "style" is highlighted. Without avoiding the influence of building materials on the viewer's perception, the overall concept of materials in the viewer's cognition plays a role in the process of expression of space and building image, and the perceptual orientation of the whole space and building image is dominated by its interpretative connotation and symbolic meaning. It can not be confined to the internal and external space interface of the building itself, but blend between the space to make its perceptual contribution, form the softening of the space boundary, create the layers between the spaces, and even create the illusory space perception. The role of the architect in many architectural expressions, the architect's emphasis on building materials and design to make the material itself enough to become the center and highlight of the building text. The analytical perception of materials is an unnatural process of expression that challenges the cognitive concepts possessed by materials in the cognitive structure and attracts the attention of the viewer. In short, whether it is to add a sense of interest to the space and form of architecture, or to express its own special design into the landscape of architecture, architecture. The perceptual expression of materials in architecture is of great significance. In turn, the vocabulary of materials must be the vocabulary of materials if the perception of the selected building materials conforms to the meaning to be expressed in architecture, and if the design of materials is ingenious enough to make the application of materials the guide of architectural image. The selection and design of the word before the word.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU50
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 梅映雪;传统工艺造物文化基本范畴述评——传统工艺美学思想体系的再思考[J];美术观察;2002年12期
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