人居环境视野下的古代大同城市风景营造经验研究

发布时间：2018-10-14 16:47

【摘要】：中国优秀的城市风景营造传统与其对应的传统文化一样,强调整体观。通过人为的营建活动,结合自然山水环境的有利条件,创造适宜人居的、外同自然相协调、内含中国文化精神追求的环境,最终达到“天人合一”的境界。因此深入挖掘中国优秀的城市风景营造传统,对今后的城市建设具有颇为重要的指导意义。大同市位于山西省北部大同盆地中心,黄土高原东北边缘,素有“三代京华,两朝重镇”之称,是国务院首批公布的历史文化名城之一。自2008年以来,大同市开始进行古城复原保护计划,在还原明代大同府城风貌的同时,更值得我们思考的是如何做到不仅形似且更能抓住我国古代城市风景营造的“灵魂”。本课题旨在探索古代大同城市风景营造中所蕴含的人文思想和历史经验,以缓解现今城市建设与城市风景营造的脱节。论文在分析古代大同区位特征、自然山水环境、政治历史及社会经济的基础上,对古代大同城市建设的进程进行了整理,基本理清了秦汉建县之始的城市建设、北魏鲜卑族统治下的都城建设、辽金契丹族统领下的陪都建设以及明清作为九边重镇的府城建设,这四个阶段城市建设的基本概况。在此基础上,从选址、轴线、山水格局、城市布局、人工与自然相结合的风景体系、重要空间节点等方面,论述古代大同的城市风景营造特点,并总结出由山水环境形成的区域圈层、由城市空间格局形成的城市圈层、由重要节点空间形成的片区圈层,圈层之间共同影响并作用于城市风景的形成,为理解古代大同城市风景体系提供了整体性认识。最后文章梳理了现代大同城市风景营造的现状,列举出其中存在的问题,提出对历史经验的借鉴策略。
[Abstract]:China's excellent urban landscape construction tradition and its corresponding traditional culture, emphasizing the holistic view. Through the artificial construction activities and the favorable conditions of the natural landscape environment, we can create an environment suitable for human settlement, coordinate with the nature, and contain the environment pursued by the Chinese cultural spirit, and finally achieve the state of "the unity of nature and man". Therefore, it is of great significance to excavate the tradition of Chinese excellent urban landscape construction in the future. Datong City is located in the center of Datong Basin in the north of Shanxi Province, on the northeast edge of the Loess Plateau, known as "three generations of Beijing, two important towns", is one of the first batch of historical and cultural cities announced by the State Council. Since 2008, Datong City began to carry out the restoration and protection plan of ancient city. While restoring the style and features of Datong Fucheng in Ming Dynasty, it is worth thinking more about how to not only resemble but also grasp the "soul" of ancient urban landscape construction in China. The purpose of this paper is to explore the humanistic thought and historical experience contained in the urban landscape construction of ancient Datong in order to alleviate the disconnection between urban construction and urban landscape construction. On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of ancient Datong district, natural landscape environment, political history and social economy, the paper sorted out the process of ancient Datong city construction, and basically clarified the city construction at the beginning of Qin and Han dynasties. The capital construction under the rule of the Xianbei nationality in the Northern Wei Dynasty, the capital construction under the leadership of the Qidan nationality in Liao Jin, and the Fucheng construction in the Ming and Qing dynasties as the important town of the Nine sides, the basic general situation of the four stages of urban construction. On this basis, from the aspects of site selection, axis, landscape pattern, urban layout, landscape system combined with nature, important space node and so on, this paper discusses the characteristics of urban landscape construction in ancient Datong. And summarizes the regional circle formed by the landscape environment, the urban circle formed by the urban space pattern, the slice area circle formed by the important node space, and the influence and the action of the circle in the formation of the city landscape. In order to understand the ancient city landscape system of Datong to provide a holistic understanding. Finally, the article combs the present situation of modern Datong city landscape construction, enumerates the existing problems, and puts forward the reference strategy to the historical experience.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU984.1

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