基于自然采光的寒地大进深建筑设计研究

发布时间：2018-10-19 09:24

【摘要】：对于寒地大进深建筑而言,首先建筑处在寒地的特殊自然环境之下。寒冷气候限制建筑体型系数,再者寒地不利的日照条件同样制约着寒地建筑的自然采光方面的提升,加上人们对人工照明的过度依赖,导致寒地大进深建筑处于采光的窘境之中;与此同时为了满足现代社会发展的现状,满足高容积率的建设需求,大进深建筑成为必然的一种建筑形态,因其过大的进深所带来建筑形态,也带来采光方面的限制。本文从建筑学专业视角出发,在收集并实地调研大量实例的基础上,分析整理出基于自然采光的寒地大进深建筑设计的一般性资料和数据,对其进行概念界定、发掘出影响因素和发展趋势,并在此基础上进一步探讨基于自然采光的寒地大进深的设计原则、策略及设计手法。论文中分析了自然采光对于寒地大进深建筑的意义以及影响寒地大进深建筑自然采光的因素,并从光照条件的角度出发将寒地自然光照条件依据冬至日及夏至日方位角划分为优势光照区、不利光照区以及极端光照区。对不同光照条件的区域提出不同的寒地大进深建筑自然采光对策。同时从建筑的角度出发,对大进深建筑进行拆解,从建筑的体型、腔体、界面三方面进行采光方式的分类。最后,结合寒地气候条件与大进深建筑自身特征,归纳并提出基于自然采光的寒地大进深建筑设计的四方面原则--增大采光面、增大受光面、提升采光效率以及优化内部空间。通过对寒地大进深建筑采光方式的拆解以及采光原则的运用,本文分别从形体趋光适寒的优化适应、腔体置入对建筑内部环境优化组织以及界面提升采光效率这三方面提出基于自然采光的寒地大进深建筑设计策略。在策略的指导下,分别从体型向阳拓扑、腔体趋光应变以及界面导光调节三方面对寒地大进深建筑自然采光设计提出设计手法及解决方案。
[Abstract]:For the deep-reaching buildings in the cold region, the first building is under the special natural environment of the cold region. The cold climate limits the building body size coefficient, and the unfavorable sunshine conditions in the cold region also restrict the improvement of the natural lighting of the buildings in the cold region, plus people's excessive dependence on artificial lighting. At the same time, in order to meet the needs of modern social development and the construction of high volume ratio, the building has become an inevitable architectural form. Because of its excessive depth brings building shape, but also brings about lighting constraints. On the basis of collecting and investigating a large number of examples from the perspective of architecture specialty, this paper analyzes and collates the general information and data of the architectural design of the large depth of cold region based on natural lighting, and defines its concept. The influencing factors and development trend are explored, and the design principles, strategies and design techniques of the cold land depth based on natural lighting are further discussed. In this paper, the significance of natural lighting to the deep building in the cold region and the factors influencing the natural lighting of the deep building in the cold region are analyzed. According to the azimuth angle of the Winter Solstice day and the Summer Solstice day, the natural illumination conditions in cold region were divided into dominant illumination region, unfavorable illumination area and extreme illumination area. In this paper, the natural lighting countermeasures of large depth buildings in cold regions are put forward for different illumination conditions. At the same time, from the point of view of architecture, the deep building is disassembled, and the lighting patterns are classified from three aspects: the shape, cavity and interface of the building. Finally, combined with the climatic conditions of cold region and the characteristics of the large depth building, four principles of the design of the building based on natural lighting are summarized and put forward, that is, increasing the lighting surface, increasing the light receiving surface, improving the lighting efficiency and optimizing the interior space. Through the disassembly of the lighting mode and the application of the principle of daylighting in the large depth building in cold area, this paper respectively optimizes the adaptation of the body to light and cold. This paper puts forward the design strategy of large depth building in cold region based on natural lighting from three aspects: the optimum structure of the interior environment of the building and the improvement of the lighting efficiency of the interface. Under the guidance of the strategy, the design techniques and solutions for the natural lighting design of the large depth building in the cold region are put forward from three aspects, namely, the shape of the sun, the phototropic strain of the cavity and the adjustment of the interface light guide.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU201;TU113.5

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