带阻尼器钢筋复合隔震层的基础隔震研究

发布时间：2018-10-21 08:37

【摘要】：在各类自然灾害中,对人类财产和生命安全危害最大的就是地震灾害。地震灾害是一种具有突发性、毁灭性、时空分布不均匀性和难以预测性等性质的自然灾害,可以在极短的时间内给人们带来巨大的损失。中国地处两大地震带:欧亚地震带与环太平洋地震带间,自古以来就是一个地震频发的国家。为减小地震灾害,目前,隔震技术在结构抗灾领域受到了越来越多的重视。隔震技术出现的时间并不长,发展至今也不过一、二十年的历史。不同于利用结构自身的强度及韧性来抵抗地震的传统抗震思路,隔震技术是利用专门的装置来吸收和疏导地震力:利用隔震体来隔开地震力的影响,并以缓慢位移来延长结构的振动周期,从而减轻地震带来的破坏。现在,高层、超高层建筑由于本身自振周期长,也由于其受到更多的重视,在地震发生时往往不易发生大的破坏。相反,广大的中低层建筑物因为结构本身刚性大、自振周期小,加上因为经济原因,极少做专门的抗震措施,在地震中常常受到巨大的破坏,也往往带了惨重的伤亡。因此,如何找到新的一种经济上便宜实用,工艺上简单且可靠,专门针对广大中低层建筑物且便于推广的隔震减震技术,去保障那些处于地震威胁下人民的生命财产安全,减轻甚至避免地震对人民带来的巨大损失和痛苦,在今天越来越彰显出其重大的现实意义。基此原因,本课题组提出了一种经济实用、简单可靠,很具有推广价值的带阻尼器钢筋复合隔震层技术。带阻尼器钢筋复合隔震层技术是由钢筋隔震墩、新型钢筋砼摩擦阻尼器并联,共同构成复合隔震层,用于基础隔震。该技术结合了两项发明:钢筋隔震墩技术和新型钢筋砼摩擦阻尼器技术。本课题组首先在实验室拼装了一个两层钢框架模型,模拟实际建筑。钢框架底部通过螺栓与新型钢筋砼摩擦阻尼器—钢筋隔震墩并联复合隔震层连接,新型钢筋砼摩擦阻尼器—钢筋隔震墩并联复合隔震层通过螺栓与振动台连接,以此来模拟地震的振动台试验。试验时在振动台、复合隔震层、钢框架上分别安装了941B型拾振器,通过941B型拾振器来拾取该模型各层的振动波,经过分析计算后得到新型钢筋砼摩擦阻尼器—钢筋隔震墩并联复合隔震层在各种工况下的隔震系数。试验结果表明带阻尼器钢筋复合隔震层有良好的隔震减震性能,为该项技术未来的实际工程使用提供了有益的依据。
[Abstract]:Among all kinds of natural disasters, earthquake disaster is the most harmful to human property and life safety. Earthquake disaster is a kind of natural disaster with the characteristics of sudden, destructive, uneven distribution of time and space, and unpredictability, which can bring huge losses to people in a very short time. China is located in two major seismic zones: Eurasian seismic belt and Pacific Rim seismic belt. It has been a country with frequent earthquakes since ancient times. In order to reduce earthquake disaster, isolation technology has been paid more and more attention in the field of structural disaster resistance. Isolation technology has not been around for a long time and has not been developed for a decade or two. Unlike the traditional idea of using the strength and toughness of the structure to resist earthquakes, the isolation technique uses a special device to absorb and dredge the earthquake force: the isolation body is used to isolate the influence of the earthquake force. The vibration period of the structure is prolonged by slow displacement, and the damage caused by earthquake is alleviated. Nowadays, because of its long natural vibration period and more attention, the high-rise and super-high-rise buildings are not easy to be destroyed when earthquakes occur. On the contrary, because of the rigidity of the structure and the small period of natural vibration, the middle and low storey buildings rarely do special seismic measures because of economic reasons, and often suffer great damage and heavy casualties in earthquakes. Therefore, how to find a new kind of isolation and damping technology that is economically cheap and practical, simple and reliable in technology, specially aimed at the large number of low and medium storey buildings and which is easy to popularize, to ensure the safety of the lives and property of those people under the threat of earthquake. To alleviate or even avoid the great loss and suffering brought by earthquake to the people is becoming more and more important. For this reason, our team has put forward a kind of technology of composite seismic isolation layer with dampers, which is simple, reliable and economical. The technology of composite isolation layer with dampers is composed of reinforced isolation pier and new reinforced concrete friction damper in parallel, which is used for foundation isolation. The technology combines two inventions: reinforced isolation pier technology and new reinforced concrete friction damper technology. First, a two-story steel frame model was assembled in the laboratory to simulate the actual building. The bottom of the steel frame is connected with the composite isolation layer of the new reinforced concrete friction damper-reinforced isolation pier through bolts, and the new type of reinforced concrete friction damper-reinforced isolated pier parallel composite isolation layer is connected with the vibration table through bolts. This is used to simulate the shaking table test of the earthquake. In the test, 941B type vibration pick-up was installed on the shaking table, composite isolation layer and steel frame, and the vibration waves of each layer of the model were picked up by the 941B type vibration pick-up. After analysis and calculation, the isolation coefficient of the parallel composite isolation layer of a new reinforced concrete friction damper and reinforced isolated pier is obtained under various working conditions. The test results show that the composite isolation layer with dampers has good isolation and damping performance, which provides a useful basis for the practical application of the technology in the future.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU352.12

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