教学楼项目工程造价控制研究
发布时间：2018-10-25 09:31
【摘要】：近年来,我国高等教育事业蒸蒸日上,国家不断加大对高等院校的基础设施投资,各大高校都在努力提高办学条件。在这一背景下,虽然高校的基础建设项目发展势头良好,但繁荣的背后也暴露出不少问题,尤其是高校基础建设项目的造价控制问题越发突出。因此,如何科学、高效的对高校基建项目的造价进行控制和管理,降低建设成本,提高收益,就显得尤为重要,这也是今后高校发展所面临的实际问题。基于目前高校基础建设工程造价控制的研究状况,论文以陕西铁路工程职业技术学院2#教学楼项目为例,运用全过程造价控制理论对教学楼项目的决策、设计、实施及竣工验收各阶段的特点进行详细的剖析,根据每个阶段的造价控制重点,将实用性强的造价控制措与方法应用于项目各个阶段造价控制中,研究取得以下主要结论:(1)投资决策阶段:教学楼项目的决策过程具有参与主体多,决策过程复杂且不以盈利为目标等特点,应充分调查研究,根据学生人数合理确定建设规模和建设标准,采用科学的投资估算编制方法确定投资估算,为项目整体造价控制确定合理目标。(2)设计阶段:教学楼项目的设计具有结构安全性和防火要求高、平面布置合理、交通与疏散空间充足和通风采光良好等特点,应积极采用用设计招投标制度选择优秀的设计单位,运用价值工程优选设计方案、全面推行限额设计并加强各专业施工图和设计概算的审查,以获得优秀的设计方案。(3)实施阶段:教学楼实施阶段具有施工质量要求高、工期要求紧、现场文明施工要求严格和可变因素多等特点,应加强工程进度款支付控制、工程变更的控制、材料价格信息的管理、严格现场签证管理、预防并处理好费用索赔,加强整个工程造价的动态控制。(4)竣工验收阶段:竣工验收阶段具有验收程序性强、竣工结算审核内容多要求严的特点,通过建立“三级分工审核”制度、积极运用招标制度甄选审计单位、仔细核对竣工结算材料、认真核实工程数量、严格审查材料价格和取费标准、核实现场签证和建立结算档案等措施与方法,使工程造价控制在合理的范围内。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the cause of higher education in our country is booming, the state has been increasing the investment in the infrastructure of colleges and universities, and all the universities are striving to improve the conditions for running a school. In this context, although the development momentum of infrastructure projects in colleges and universities is good, but behind the prosperity also exposed a lot of problems, especially the cost control of infrastructure projects in colleges and universities has become more and more prominent. Therefore, how to control and manage the construction cost scientifically and efficiently, reduce the construction cost and increase the income, is particularly important, which is also the practical problem facing the development of colleges and universities in the future. Based on the current research situation of the cost control of the infrastructure engineering in colleges and universities, this paper takes the teaching building project of Shaanxi Railway Engineering Vocational and Technical College as an example, and applies the whole process cost control theory to the decision-making and design of the teaching building project. The characteristics of each stage of implementation and completion acceptance are analyzed in detail. According to the key points of cost control in each stage, the practical cost control measures and methods are applied to the cost control of each stage of the project. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the investment decision-making stage: the decision-making process of the teaching building project is characterized by many participants, complex decision-making process and not taking profit as the goal, so it should be fully investigated and studied. According to the number of students, the construction scale and construction standard are reasonably determined, and the investment estimate is determined by the scientific investment estimation method. (2) Design stage: the design of the teaching building project has the characteristics of high structural safety and fire prevention requirements, reasonable plane layout, sufficient traffic and evacuation space and good ventilation and lighting, etc. We should actively adopt the design bidding system to select excellent design units, use value engineering to select optimal design schemes, carry out quota design in an all-round way and strengthen the examination of construction drawings and design budget estimates for various specialties. In order to obtain excellent design scheme. (3) implementation stage: the implementation stage of teaching building has the characteristics of high construction quality, tight construction period, strict construction requirements and many variable factors, etc., so the payment control of project progress should be strengthened. The control of engineering change, the management of material price information, the strict management of on-site visa, the prevention and processing of claims for expenses, and the strengthening of dynamic control of the whole project cost. (4) the stage of completion and acceptance: the stage of completion and acceptance has a strong acceptance procedure, By establishing the "three-level division of labor audit" system, actively using the bidding system to select audit units, carefully checking the completed settlement materials, and conscientiously verifying the number of projects, Strict examination of material price and collection standard, verification of on-site visa and establishment of settlement files and other measures and methods, so as to control the project cost within a reasonable range.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU723.3
[Abstract]:In recent years, the cause of higher education in our country is booming, the state has been increasing the investment in the infrastructure of colleges and universities, and all the universities are striving to improve the conditions for running a school. In this context, although the development momentum of infrastructure projects in colleges and universities is good, but behind the prosperity also exposed a lot of problems, especially the cost control of infrastructure projects in colleges and universities has become more and more prominent. Therefore, how to control and manage the construction cost scientifically and efficiently, reduce the construction cost and increase the income, is particularly important, which is also the practical problem facing the development of colleges and universities in the future. Based on the current research situation of the cost control of the infrastructure engineering in colleges and universities, this paper takes the teaching building project of Shaanxi Railway Engineering Vocational and Technical College as an example, and applies the whole process cost control theory to the decision-making and design of the teaching building project. The characteristics of each stage of implementation and completion acceptance are analyzed in detail. According to the key points of cost control in each stage, the practical cost control measures and methods are applied to the cost control of each stage of the project. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the investment decision-making stage: the decision-making process of the teaching building project is characterized by many participants, complex decision-making process and not taking profit as the goal, so it should be fully investigated and studied. According to the number of students, the construction scale and construction standard are reasonably determined, and the investment estimate is determined by the scientific investment estimation method. (2) Design stage: the design of the teaching building project has the characteristics of high structural safety and fire prevention requirements, reasonable plane layout, sufficient traffic and evacuation space and good ventilation and lighting, etc. We should actively adopt the design bidding system to select excellent design units, use value engineering to select optimal design schemes, carry out quota design in an all-round way and strengthen the examination of construction drawings and design budget estimates for various specialties. In order to obtain excellent design scheme. (3) implementation stage: the implementation stage of teaching building has the characteristics of high construction quality, tight construction period, strict construction requirements and many variable factors, etc., so the payment control of project progress should be strengthened. The control of engineering change, the management of material price information, the strict management of on-site visa, the prevention and processing of claims for expenses, and the strengthening of dynamic control of the whole project cost. (4) the stage of completion and acceptance: the stage of completion and acceptance has a strong acceptance procedure, By establishing the "three-level division of labor audit" system, actively using the bidding system to select audit units, carefully checking the completed settlement materials, and conscientiously verifying the number of projects, Strict examination of material price and collection standard, verification of on-site visa and establishment of settlement files and other measures and methods, so as to control the project cost within a reasonable range.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU723.3
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