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高速群控电梯系统的能耗计算与分析

发布时间:2018-11-03 12:56
【摘要】:经济的快速发展和建筑业的不断进步使得电梯成为人们生产和生活中不可或缺的交通工具。电梯伴随着科技和工业的进步走过了一百多年的发展历程,2009年电梯被国务院列为“高耗能特种设备”,电梯的能耗状况从此进入人们的视野并逐渐受到广泛的关注。近年来,电梯的发展呈现高速化、智能化、群控化的趋势,大型写字楼中多台电梯并联运行的情况越来越多,而电梯群在并联群控后的节能效果就成了评价电梯群控算法优劣的重要指标。针对上述情况,笔者分析了曳引式电梯的结构原理以及能耗组成,建立了一套计算高速群控电梯系统能耗的方法,为电梯群控系统性能测试平台提供了电梯运行能耗与运行时间的计算方案。其主要研究过程与内容如下:首先,本文在回顾和总结电梯能耗研究的研究现状和不足的前提下,通过分析常见曳引式电梯的工作原理,研究了电梯在不同工作状态下所具有的“四象限”运行特性;分析电梯工作和待机时的用电情况,阐明了电梯能耗的构成及其影响因素。其次,通过归纳电梯运行时各运动部件的运动情况,建立了电梯运行时的瞬时功率公式。公式建立了电梯瞬时功率与运行速度的关系,包含了电梯运行时全部机械能与阻力产生的热量。本文分别利用建立数学模型的方法和CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)数值模拟的方法分别计算了导靴与导轨摩擦阻力能耗以及轿厢在井道中的空气阻力能耗。最后,通过实例结合电梯瞬时功率公式,利用MATLAB软件仿真计算一部电梯在各种工况(不同负载/运行距离)下的能耗,并通过与实验数据的对比验证了本文的能耗计算方法的合理性与可行性,在此基础上,根据电梯群控系统性能测试平台的原理和特点,给出了多台电梯群控并联状态下的能耗计算方案。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and the continuous progress of the construction industry, elevators have become an indispensable vehicle for people to produce and live. With the development of science, technology and industry, elevators have been developed for more than one hundred years. In 2009, elevators were listed as "special equipment for high energy consumption" by the State Council. The energy consumption of elevators has since entered people's field of vision and gradually received extensive attention. In recent years, the development of elevator presents the trend of high speed, intelligence and group control, and there are more and more cases of parallel operation of many elevators in large office buildings. The energy saving effect of elevator group after parallel group control is an important index to evaluate elevator group control algorithm. In view of the above situation, the author analyzes the structure principle and energy consumption composition of traction elevator, and establishes a method to calculate the energy consumption of high speed group control elevator system. The calculation scheme of energy consumption and running time for elevator group control system performance test platform is provided. The main research process and contents are as follows: first, this paper reviews and summarizes the research status and shortcomings of elevator energy consumption research, through the analysis of common traction elevator working principle, The "four-quadrant" operation characteristics of elevators in different working conditions are studied. This paper analyzes the power consumption of elevators while working and standby, and expounds the composition of elevator energy consumption and its influencing factors. Secondly, the instantaneous power formula is established by inducting the movement of the moving parts during the elevator operation. The relation between the instantaneous power and the running speed of the elevator is established, which includes all the heat produced by the mechanical energy and the resistance when the elevator is in operation. In this paper, the energy consumption of friction resistance between guide shoe and guideway and the energy consumption of air resistance of car in shaft are calculated by the method of mathematical model and CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) numerical simulation, respectively. Finally, the energy consumption of an elevator under various working conditions (different load / running distance) is simulated and calculated by using MATLAB software through an example combining with the instantaneous power formula of the elevator. The rationality and feasibility of the energy consumption calculation method are verified by comparing with the experimental data. On this basis, according to the principle and characteristics of the elevator group control system performance test platform, In this paper, the energy consumption calculation scheme of multiple elevators in group control parallel state is presented.
【学位授予单位】:山东建筑大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:TU857

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