抬梁、穿斗式木构架结构性能试验研究

发布时间：2018-11-15 13:26

【摘要】：抬梁式、穿斗式木构架作为中国古代大型木构架建筑的代表,在中国古建筑历史上占有非常重要的地位。抬梁式广泛用于宫殿、寺庙等大型建筑,穿斗式则是在南方地区非常普遍。迄今很多研究认为这两类木构架具有良好的力学性能。为了探讨抬梁、穿斗式木构架力学性能。本文根据历史文献记录,以明清抬梁式、穿斗式木构架为原型,通过结构实际受力情况确定试验模型,按照清代工部《工程做法则例》和南捕厅实测数据,制作二榀1：1.76木构架缩尺模型。木构架模型榫卯节点,采用马炳坚先生所著《中国古建筑木作营造技术》中记载的方法。根据古建筑木构架与柱础、柱顶的连接条件,对试件的边界条件和加载方式进行了合理假定,对该二榀木构架模型进行了水平单调加载力学性能试验研究。试验现象表明脱榫是木构架模型破坏的主要形式,梁、柱构件变形较小,未出现受压破损；在水平单调荷载作用下,节点拔榫量、转角随着控制位移的增大而不断增加,抬梁、穿斗木构架具有良好的变形能力,木构架整体性能较好,穿斗式整体性优于抬梁式。通过分析木构架荷载.位移曲线,确定了木构架峰值荷载,极限位移等,在加载位移相同情况下,抬梁式先于穿斗式达到峰值荷载。采用大型有限元分析软件ABAQUS12.0对本次试验所采用的二榀木构架进行了受力分析。榫卯节点通过加入连接器单元来模拟木构架的半刚性特性,榫卯节点半刚性参数运用现有的研究成果,得出了木构架的整体变形图、内力图及各榫卯随加载位移的转角及内力变化。通过荷载.位移曲线模拟结果与试验结果对比,得出ABAQUS模拟与试验结果吻合良好,计算精度高。并从模拟结果中得到抬梁、穿斗木构架中榫卯先后进入屈服的顺序,比较两类木构架进入屈服的不同。通过与试验结果对比分析,本文认为《古建筑木结构维护与加固技术规范》针对抬梁、穿斗木构架侧移残损点界限过于保守,本文将抬梁式木构架残损点定义为160mm,穿斗残损点定义到200mm。根据试验现象与有限元模拟结果对这两类木构架进行了理论分析,通过对屋盖的简化以及对部分榫卯节点铰接假定,得出了一般木构架简化分析模型,分析推导得出木构架抗侧刚度,并推导了不同节点梁单元的转角位移方程,以及柱的计算长度,对竖向荷载产生的二阶效应进行了分析,对木构件进行了弹塑性分析。通过对明清木构架的静力试验研究及有限元分析,得到的试验与理论数据分析结果具有理论意义和工程实用价值。
[Abstract]:As the representative of the large wooden frame architecture in ancient China, beamlift and bucket wooden frame play a very important role in the history of Chinese ancient architecture. Beam-lifting is widely used in large buildings such as palaces and temples, while bucket wear is common in the south. Up to now, many researches think that these two kinds of wood frame have good mechanical properties. In order to investigate the mechanical properties of the lifting beam and the bucket wooden frame. In this paper, according to the records of historical documents, the experimental model is determined by the actual force situation of the structure, taking the beam lifting type and the bucket type wooden frame of the Ming and Qing dynasties as the prototype, according to the measured data of the Ministry of Industry of the Qing Dynasty and the South arrest Hall. Two scale models of 1: 1.76 wood frame were made. The wood frame model mortise joint adopts the method recorded in Mr. Ma Bingjian's "Chinese Ancient Architecture Wood Construction Technology". According to the connection conditions between the wooden frame and the foundation of the ancient building and the column top, the boundary conditions and loading modes of the specimens were reasonably assumed, and the mechanical properties of the two wooden frame models under horizontal monotonic loading were studied. The test results show that mortifying is the main form of failure of wood frame model. The deformation of beam and column members is small and no compression damage occurs. Under the action of horizontal monotone load, the joint tenon and angle increase with the increase of the control displacement. The beam-piercing timber frame has good deformation ability, the overall performance of the wooden frame is better, and the holonomic of the wooden frame is better than that of the beam-lift type. The load of wood frame is analyzed. The peak load and limit displacement of wood frame are determined by the displacement curve. When the loading displacement is the same, the lifting beam reaches the peak load before the bucket. Two wooden frames used in this experiment were analyzed by finite element analysis software ABAQUS12.0. The joint of tenon and joint is used to simulate the semi-rigid characteristic of wood frame by adding connector unit, and the integral deformation diagram of wood frame is obtained by using the existing research results of semi-rigid parameter of joint of tenon and joint. The internal force diagram and tenon and joint change with the load displacement angle and internal force. Through a load. The simulation results of displacement curve are compared with the experimental results. It is concluded that the ABAQUS simulation is in good agreement with the test results and the calculation accuracy is high. From the simulation results, the order of the beam lifting, the mortise and the mortise in the bucket frame is obtained, and the difference between the two kinds of wood frame is compared. By comparing with the test results, this paper considers that the technical specification for the maintenance and reinforcement of ancient building wood structures is too conservative for lifting beams, and the limit of the damage points of the wooden truss trusses is too conservative. In this paper, the damaged point of the lifting timber frame is defined as 160 mm. The wear bucket damage point is defined to 200 mm. According to the experimental phenomena and the results of finite element simulation, the theoretical analysis of these two kinds of wood frames is carried out. Through the simplification of the roof and the articulation assumption of some joints with tenon and tenon, the simplified analysis model of the general wood frame is obtained. The lateral stiffness of wood frame is derived, the angular displacement equation of beam elements with different joints and the calculated length of column are derived. The second order effect of vertical load is analyzed, and the elastic-plastic analysis of wood members is carried out. Through the static test and finite element analysis of the wood frame in Ming and Qing dynasties, the results of the test and theoretical data analysis are of theoretical significance and practical engineering value.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU366.2

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