黄土场地地铁车站模型振动台试验设计与分析

发布时间：2018-11-19 08:13

【摘要】：随着我国城镇化水平的不断提升,城市交通的拥挤状况也在不断加剧。为缓解这一现象,我国大多数一、二线城市开始大规模规划和建设地铁。西安作为其中之一规划了十余条地铁线路,但西安大多数地铁车站修建于黄土场地且位于8度设防区,地铁车站结构一旦遭遇地震破坏,对整个城市的生产和生活带来不便。已有震害表明,地铁车站破坏后不仅修复困难而且代价很大。因此,开展黄土场地地铁地下车站的振动台试验和研究对后续黄土地区地铁车站的抗震设计和研究意义非凡。本文针对黄土场地条件下的地铁地下车站开展振动台试验方案设计并对其合理性进行验证,主要研究工作包括以下几个方面:(1)通过查阅大量有关地下结构方面的振动台试验研究文献,总结了各种振动台试验及其方法的优缺点。针对本次试验内容选择满足要求的振动台、剪切模型土箱和各种测试元件等。(2)设计适合西安典型黄土地区振动台试验方案,主要设计及研究内容包括:通过确定长度相似比、材料相似比和密度相似比进一步设计整个试验过程中各参数的相似比;对比常用的承载力相似和等面积配筋率相等两种配筋方案优缺点,最终确定适合本次试验的配筋方案;采用微型模具进行车站模型的制作;采用欠人工质量模型进行配重的计算与布置;对比选择适合西安黄土场地条件的天然地震波和人工合成地震波;进行地震响应测点布置优化研究。(3)通过ABAQUS软件模拟试验模型在8度设防中震作用下结构的受力特征,计算方法采用《城市轨道交通抗震设计规范》(GB 50909-2014)中的反应位移法。为还原真实的试验状况,本文采用三维实体单元建立分析模型,而非规范推荐的梁单元分析模型。模拟结果与试验中西安人工波0.2g工况下测的数据进行对比;同时对比试验中地铁车站结构的破坏特点与实际工程中地铁车站的震害特征。从这两方面验证试验方案的合理性和可行性。
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization in China, urban traffic congestion is becoming more and more serious. In order to alleviate this phenomenon, most of the first and second-tier cities in our country began to plan and build subway on a large scale. As one of them, Xi'an has planned more than ten subway lines, but most of the subway stations in Xi'an are built in loess sites and are located in 8 degree fortification areas. Once the subway station structure is damaged by earthquake, it will bring inconvenience to the production and life of the whole city. The earthquake damage has shown that the subway station is not only difficult to repair but also costly. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out shaking table test and research of underground subway station in loess site for seismic design and research of subway station in the following loess area. In this paper, the vibration table test scheme is designed for underground subway station under the condition of loess site and its rationality is verified. The main research work includes the following aspects: (1) the advantages and disadvantages of various shaking table tests and their methods are summarized by consulting a large number of documents on shaking table tests of underground structures. According to the contents of this test, the vibration table, shear model soil box and various test elements are selected to meet the requirements. (2) the test scheme is designed for the typical loess area of Xi'an. The main design and research contents are as follows: the similarity ratio of each parameter in the whole test process is further designed by determining the length similarity ratio, the material similarity ratio and the density similarity ratio; Comparing the advantages and disadvantages of two kinds of reinforcement schemes, which are similar bearing capacity and equal reinforcement ratio of equal area, the reinforcement scheme suitable for this test is finally determined, and the station model is made with miniature mould. Under artificial mass model is used to calculate and arrange counterweight, and natural seismic wave and synthetic seismic wave which are suitable for Xi'an loess site are compared and selected. The optimum arrangement of seismic response measuring points is studied. (3) the stress characteristics of structures under the action of 8 degree fortification are simulated by ABAQUS software. The response displacement method in the Code for Seismic Design of Urban Rail Transit (GB 50909-2014) is adopted. In order to restore the real experimental situation, the analysis model is established by using three-dimensional solid element, rather than the beam element analysis model recommended by the specification. The simulation results are compared with the measured data of Xi'an artificial wave at 0.2 g working condition, and the damage characteristics of subway station structure in the test are compared with the seismic damage characteristics of the actual subway station. The rationality and feasibility of the test scheme are verified from these two aspects.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U231.4;TU93

【参考文献】