梁式楼梯对钢框架结构抗震性能的影响分析

发布时间：2018-11-21 16:36

【摘要】：楼梯是建筑结构中重要的垂直交通工具,尤其是在抗震防灾中起着重要的疏散作用。目前,建筑结构设计过程中,楼梯的设计一般是与主体结构的设计分开进行,这样既没有考虑地震作用下主体结构与楼梯的相互作用,也忽视了地震作用对楼梯构件产生的效应。历次地震灾害表明,这种传统设计方法存在很大的缺陷。这引起了工程界的重视,对于混凝土楼梯,国家规范、图集提出了相关要求和构造措施,但是关于钢结构楼梯的研究却被忽略了,本文将对梁式钢梯对钢框架结构的抗震性能影响展开研究。为了研究梁式钢梯对钢框架结构的抗震性能影响,本文建立了两个钢框架结构模型:一个为无梯模型,即楼梯不建入模型,楼梯间只考虑恒荷载和活荷载,用来模拟楼梯不参与抗震分析的情况;另一个为有梯模型,将钢楼梯建入模型,用来模拟楼梯参与抗震分析的情况。采用软件SAP2000对有梯模型和无梯模型进行模态分析、振型分解反应谱分析和静力弹塑性分析,对比分析钢框架结构的动力特性,水平地震作用下的内力分布和结构弹塑性工作性能。通过对结果的对比分析,本文得到以下结论:楼梯对钢框架结构的影响除了恒、活荷载效应的影响外,最主要的是对结构整体刚度的影响,楼梯增大了钢框架结构的抗侧刚度;楼梯改变了地震作用下框架竖向构件内力分布,结构中与楼梯构件有连接的梁柱变化尤为明显,对结构极为不利;楼梯在地震作用下具有斜撑的受力特点,梯梁中轴力不应忽略,传统设计方法设计楼梯不能满足抗震要求;楼梯对钢框架结构侧向刚度和内力分布的影响,顺梯向大于横梯向,底层大于其他楼层。
[Abstract]:Staircase is an important vertical vehicle in building structure, especially in seismic disaster prevention. At present, in the process of building structure design, the design of staircase is usually carried out separately from the design of the main structure, so that the interaction between the main structure and the staircase under earthquake action is not considered. The effect of earthquake on staircase components is also neglected. The previous earthquake disasters show that this traditional design method has great defects. This has aroused the attention of the engineering community, for concrete staircase, national code, atlas put forward the relevant requirements and construction measures, but the study of steel staircase has been ignored. In this paper, the effect of beam steel ladder on seismic behavior of steel frame structure is studied. In order to study the effect of beam steel ladder on seismic behavior of steel frame structure, two models of steel frame structure are established in this paper: one is no ladder model, that is, the staircase is not built into the model, and only constant load and live load are considered in the staircase. Used to simulate the situation in which stairs do not participate in seismic analysis; The other is the ladder model, which is built into the steel staircase model to simulate the case of the staircase participating in the seismic analysis. The modal analysis, mode decomposition response spectrum analysis and static elastic-plastic analysis of ladder model and non-ladder model are carried out by using software SAP2000, and the dynamic characteristics of steel frame structure are compared and analyzed. The internal force distribution and elastic-plastic behavior of the structure under horizontal earthquake. Through the comparison and analysis of the results, the following conclusions are drawn: besides the influence of the stair on the steel frame structure, the most important one is the influence on the overall stiffness of the structure, and the stair increases the lateral stiffness of the steel frame structure; The staircase changes the internal force distribution of the vertical frame member under earthquake action, especially Liang Zhu, who is connected with the stair member in the structure, which is extremely disadvantageous to the structure. The stair has the characteristics of oblique bracing under earthquake, the axial force in the staircase should not be ignored, and the traditional design method can not meet the seismic requirements. The influence of staircase on the lateral stiffness and internal force distribution of steel frame structure is greater than that of horizontal stairway and the bottom floor is larger than that of other floors.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU391;TU352.11

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