城市集中供热智能化与智能热网的构建研究

发布时间：2018-11-25 14:29

【摘要】：我国能源消耗主要体现为建筑耗能、工业耗能和交通耗能,特别是建筑耗能随着城市化进程的加快,建筑总量的迅速攀升和城市居民居住舒适性要求的提升,呈现高速发展的趋势,而冬季居民供热采暖又是建筑耗能的主要因素。因此,能源利用面临一次新的革命,节能减排、绿色环保、可持续发展成为各国关注的焦点。城市集中供热已经成为我国北方地区冬季供热采暖主要方式,但集中供热因管网陈旧、更新快、系统事故频发、冷热不均造成水力失调,而面临安全、节能、环保、经济运行的挑战。因此以信息技术建设现有的集中供热体系,彻底改造开发能源利用效率,通过数字化信息网络系统将热源的生产开发、热网输送、热量转换、用户服务等各个环节,以及热网与热用户之间的各种供热设施连接在一起,通过智能化控制实现精确供热、节能供热、自助供热和互补供热,将能源利用效率和集中供热安全提高到全新的水平,将环境污染与温室气体排放降低到最低的程度,使供热成本和投资效益达到一种合理的状态。这就是智能热网的思想。目前被广泛应用的所谓智能热网仅限于自动控制、远程监控以及海量数据的汇总,停留在智能化的初级阶段。因此,城市集中供热智能化与智能热网的构建是在最大保障供热管网的可靠性、舒适性的基础上,主要基于现代节能、环保为目的的信息智能热网。本文以城市集中供热系统为研究对象,依托热源生产过程的环保治理、能源梯级利用、热网输送水力平衡、换热站自动调整、热计量供热等一系列节能降耗的技术措施,通过热源DCS系统、换热站自控和远程监控系统、二级网水力平衡调控系统、分户计量系统、管道测漏系统、热网GIS系统、热网在线模拟仿真系统、视频监控系统等手段,构建适合热电联产的集成节能模式的智能热网运行调度管理系统。从软件技术开发到硬件设备改造两大方面,提出智能热网的概念和实施方案。智能热网作为未来集中供热系统的重要发展方向,随着自动化技术、计算机技术、互联网技术的发展必然会不断提高。智能热网的建成将全面推动能源的建设和智慧城市的发展,是推动未来经济发展的重要基础建设,使智慧城市和智能家庭的生活模式成为可能。
[Abstract]:Energy consumption in China is mainly embodied in building energy consumption, industrial energy consumption and transportation energy consumption, especially building energy consumption with the acceleration of the urbanization process, the rapid rise of the total amount of buildings and the improvement of the requirements for the comfort of urban residents. The trend of high-speed development is presented, and heating is the main factor of building energy consumption in winter. Therefore, energy use faces a new revolution, energy saving and emission reduction, green environmental protection and sustainable development become the focus of attention. Urban central heating has become the main way of heating and heating in northern China in winter. However, central heating is faced with safety, energy saving and environmental protection due to the outmoded pipe network, rapid renewal, frequent system accidents, uneven cooling and heat, resulting in water power imbalance. Challenges to the functioning of the economy. Therefore, using information technology to construct the existing central heating system, thoroughly transform and develop the efficiency of energy utilization, and through the digital information network system, the production and development of heat sources, heat network transmission, heat transfer, user service and other links, And all kinds of heating facilities between heating network and heat users are connected together, through intelligent control to achieve accurate heating, energy-saving heating, self-heating and complementary heating, energy use efficiency and central heating safety can be raised to a new level. The environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emission are reduced to the lowest degree, which makes the heating cost and investment benefit reach a reasonable state. This is the idea of intelligent heating network. At present, the so-called intelligent heat network, which is widely used, is limited to automatic control, remote monitoring and mass data aggregation, and stays in the initial stage of intelligence. Therefore, the construction of intelligent urban central heating network and intelligent heating network is based on the maximum guarantee of the reliability and comfort of the heating network, mainly based on the modern energy saving, environmental protection as the purpose of the information intelligent heating network. This paper takes the urban central heating system as the research object, relying on the environmental protection management of the heat source production process, the energy cascade utilization, the heat network transmission hydraulic balance, the heat exchange station automatic adjustment, the heat metering heating and so on a series of energy saving and consumption reducing technical measures. By means of heat source DCS system, heat exchange station automatic control and remote monitoring system, secondary network hydraulic balance control system, household metering system, pipeline leak measuring system, heat network GIS system, heat network on-line simulation system, video monitoring system, etc. The intelligent heat network scheduling and management system is constructed, which is suitable for the cogeneration of heat and power. From the aspects of software technology development and hardware equipment transformation, the concept and implementation scheme of intelligent heating network are put forward. As an important development direction of central heating system in the future, intelligent heating network will improve with the development of automation technology, computer technology and Internet technology. The construction of intelligent heat network will promote the construction of energy and the development of intelligent city. It is an important infrastructure to promote economic development in the future and make the life mode of intelligent city and intelligent family possible.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU995

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