具有预凝功能的新型热源塔特性及其优化研究

发布时间：2018-12-08 14:30

【摘要】：热源塔热泵系统作为一种新型高效的建筑冷热源方案,具有很大的应用前景。然而,热源塔冬季运行时,当塔内空气侧的水蒸气分压力大于溶液侧的水蒸气分压力,空气中的水分会进入溶液,导致溶液冰点上升,影响系统安全运行。为保证溶液浓度,目前大多采用加投溶质或溶液再生的方法,但这将增加能耗和成本,同时影响机组效率。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种具有预凝功能的新型热源塔结构(以下简称预凝热源塔),并采用模拟与实验结合的方法,对其特性与优化进行了较深入的研究：建立了预凝盘管和横流热源塔的数学模型,从而构建了预凝热源塔的数学模型,对比研究了预凝热源塔与普通热源塔传热传质特性随环境湿度、进口溶液温度、溶液流量和空气流量等参数的变化规律。研究表明,在相同运行参数下,预凝热源塔相比普通热源塔具有更强的换热特性和更弱的吸湿特性(或更强的再生能力),更能有效缓解塔内溶液吸湿问题。随着环境湿度的降低和进口溶液温度的升高,两者换热量和吸湿量均随之减小。而随着溶液流量和空气流量的增加,两者的换热量都随之增加,而吸湿量的变化与所处的环境条件相关。当环境湿度较高时,减少溶液流量和空气流量有助于减少溶液吸湿量,当环境湿度较低,溶液处于再生工况时,适当提高空气流量有助于溶液再生。建立了热源塔热泵系统的数学模型,在相同供热负荷下,对比研究了预凝热源塔与普通热源塔热泵系统的机组性能和溶液吸湿特性随环境温、湿度的变化规律。系统运行中,随着环境温度或湿度的提高,两者机组COP和吸湿量都随之增大,而采用预凝热源塔,在相同工况下,对机组性能略有提高,但对系统内的溶液吸湿有明显减弱。搭建了预凝热源塔实验台,对比研究了预凝热源塔与普通热源塔在不同进口溶液温度、溶液流量和空气流量下的运行特性,对模拟结果进行了很好的验证。对比研究了两者在系统运行中的机组性能及溶液吸湿特性,结果表明预凝热源塔热泵系统的供热能力和机组COP都要略优于普通热源塔,但对系统内的溶液吸湿有明显的减弱。
[Abstract]:Heat source tower heat pump system, as a new and efficient building heat and cold source scheme, has a great application prospect. However, when the water vapor partial pressure on the air side of the tower is greater than the water vapor partial pressure on the solution side in winter, the moisture in the air will enter the solution, which will cause the freezing point of the solution to rise and affect the safe operation of the system. In order to ensure the concentration of the solution, most of the methods of solute addition or solution regeneration are adopted, but this will increase the energy consumption and cost, and affect the efficiency of the unit at the same time. In order to solve this problem, a new type of heat source tower with precoagulating function is proposed in this paper, and the method of combining simulation with experiment is adopted. In this paper, the characteristics and optimization of the precondensed heat source tower are studied. The mathematical models of the precondensing coil tube and the cross flow heat source tower are established, and the mathematical model of the precondensed heat source tower is constructed. The heat and mass transfer characteristics of precondensed heat source tower and common heat source tower are compared and studied with the change of environmental humidity, inlet solution temperature, solution flow rate and air flow rate. The results show that the precondensed heat source tower has stronger heat transfer characteristics and weaker moisture absorption characteristics (or stronger regeneration ability) than the common heat source tower under the same operating parameters, and it can effectively alleviate the problem of solution moisture absorption in the tower. With the decrease of environmental humidity and the increase of inlet temperature, both heat transfer and moisture absorption decreased. With the increase of solution flow rate and air flow rate, the heat transfer of both increases, and the change of moisture absorption is related to the environmental conditions. When the environmental humidity is high, reducing the flow rate of solution and air flow will help to reduce the amount of moisture absorption of the solution. When the environmental humidity is low and the solution is in the condition of regeneration, properly increasing the air flow rate will contribute to the regeneration of the solution. The mathematical model of heat source tower heat pump system is established. Under the same heating load, the performance of precondensed heat source tower and that of common heat source tower heat pump system are compared. With the increase of ambient temperature or humidity, the COP and moisture absorption of the two units increase, while the performance of the unit is slightly improved under the same operating conditions with the precondensing heat source tower, but the moisture absorption of the solution in the system is obviously weakened. The operating characteristics of precondensed heat source tower and common heat source tower under different inlet solution temperature, solution flow rate and air flow rate were studied. The simulation results were well verified. The performance of the units and the solution moisture absorption characteristics in the system operation are compared. The results show that the heat supply capacity and the unit COP of the pre-condensed heat source tower heat pump system are slightly better than those of the common heat source tower, but the moisture absorption of the solution in the system is obviously weakened.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU83

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