阆中古城气候适应性营建策略研究

发布时间：2018-12-13 04:57

【摘要】：中国古代城市营建对气候的适应性实践可以追溯到公元前2000年前的夏时期。几千年来,中国“天人合一”的哲学思想和朴素的自然城建观,创造了宜居的人居环境。从地域建筑到山水园林,再到城市建设,都蕴含深厚的气候适应性营建智慧。当代全球气候变化的大背景下,气候问题愈演愈烈,自然生态系统遭到严重破坏,城市安全隐患凸显。给我们提出了一个城市发展不得不面临的难题。研究中国古代城市气候适应性的营建经验,对历史进行回顾与总结,不仅可以帮助我们更加深刻地“反思现实”。而且可以借鉴古代的营城理念以及实践经验,结合现代的科学技术,把当今城市的气候适应性做得更好,从而减少甚至避免损失。论文在对中国古代城市气候适应性营建理论研究的基础上,针对不同地域气候中国古城营建的实践经验,总结出古城气候适应性营建的基本方法,以气候矛盾较为突出、具有“中国第一风水古城”美称的阆中古城作为研究对象。从“日照适应性——风适应性——水适应性——小气候调节”的古城营建等研究要素展开,运用文献考证、实地调研、归纳演绎等方法对阆中古气候适应性营建进行深入研究,探索阆中古城气候适应性营建的策略。最后汲取阆中古城气候适应性营建智慧,古为今用,对现今阆中市城市规划建设在适应地域气候方面提出建议。研究发现,气候适应性营建思想贯彻阆中古城营建始终:古城选址充分勘察气候特征,形成了“山环水抱”、“藏风聚气”的城市山水格局。古城方位“坐北朝南”充分利用太阳辐射,并通过轴线方向的偏转,引导城市夏季通风。除此之外,古城功能布局、平面形态、路网结构、空间密度等设置都充分利用当地有利气候条件,抵御不利气候条件,使古城获得最佳的气候适应性。论文最后结合当今阆中城市规划建设,从规划理念转变和规划策略调整两个方面提出对当今规划启示。
[Abstract]:The climate adaptability of urban construction in ancient China can be traced back to the summer period before 2000 BC. For thousands of years, Chinese philosophy of "harmony of nature and man" and simple view of natural city construction have created livable living environment. From regional architecture to landscape architecture, to urban construction, there is a profound wisdom of climate adaptation. Under the background of contemporary global climate change, the climate problem becomes more and more serious, the natural ecosystem is seriously damaged, and the hidden dangers of urban safety are highlighted. It presents us with a difficult problem that the development of the city has to face. To study the experience of urban climate adaptation in ancient China and to review and summarize the history can not only help us to "reflect on reality" more deeply. Moreover, we can draw lessons from the ancient city concept and practical experience, combine with modern science and technology, and make the climate adaptability of today's cities better, so as to reduce or even avoid the loss. On the basis of the research on the theory of climate adaptability construction in ancient Chinese cities, the paper sums up the basic methods of climate adaptive construction in ancient cities according to the practical experience of the construction of ancient Chinese cities with different regional climate, and the climatic contradiction is more prominent. Langzhong city, which has the name of "the first ancient fengshui city in China", is regarded as the object of study. Based on the research elements of the ancient city construction of "sunshine adaptability, wind adaptability, water adaptability and microclimate regulation", this paper makes an in-depth study on the adaptive construction of Langzhong paleoclimate by means of textual research, field investigation, deduction and so on. To explore the strategy of climate adaptation construction in Langzhong ancient city. Finally, the author draws the wisdom of climate adaptation construction in Langzhong ancient city, and puts forward some suggestions on how to adapt to regional climate in Langzhong city planning and construction. It is found that the climate adaptive construction thought carries out the construction of Langzhong ancient city all the time: the site selection of the ancient city is full of the climatic characteristics, forming the urban landscape pattern of "mountain and water hugging" and "Tibetan wind gathering gas". The ancient city takes full advantage of the solar radiation from north to south, and guides the city summer ventilation through the deflection of axis. In addition, the functional layout, plane form, road network structure, spatial density and other settings of the ancient city make full use of the local favorable climate conditions, resist the adverse climate conditions, so that the ancient city can obtain the best climate adaptability. In the end of this paper, combining with the urban planning and construction of Langzhong, the author puts forward the enlightenment to the present planning from two aspects: the change of planning idea and the adjustment of planning strategy.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU984.2;TU119

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