城市湿地生态修复的界面空间模式研究

发布时间：2019-02-16 06:04

【摘要】：城市湿地,作为人与自然相接的临界空间,不论在自然生态系统还是人类生活中,都扮演着十分重要的角色,它不仅拥有一系列重要的生态功能,为自然系统信息能量传递不可或缺的组成部分,而且能够为城市提供丰富多样的支持,具有“地球之肾”的美誉。城市生态修复即通过人工引导性行为修复已经破损的生态系统,保障城市生态安全,为人们创造更加舒适、自然的生活环境。城市生态湿地位于城市内部或者周边,十分容易受到城市多类型的污染物的干扰,必须通过多方面的修复设计,才能使之逐渐具备自我调节的能力。另一方面,为了维持和提高自我修复、抵御外界侵扰的能力,城市生态湿地必须是具备一定的野化程度的次生生态系统,即人工近自然野化湿地。本文的研究对象是生态湿地与城市的界面空间,即从城市设计的尺度下研究生态湿地与城市关系以及界面空间的设计模式。相比于湿地其他组成部分,界面空间不仅同时受到城市人类活动以及自然湿地生态系统的共同作用,还作为过渡区域传递着扰动和影响,控制着人与自然关系的密切程度,如果处理不好,往往会给湿地环境带来严重的危害和负担。因此,城市生态湿地界面空间的城市设计在符合城市生态修复的基本要求的同时,更应该注重处理人与自然的关系,使得湿地生态功能与城市功能相协调。论文立足于城市生态修复的理论背景下,梳理了城市湿地界面空间修复的生态、形态控制要素以及二者之间的联系,并且结合建筑学专业的视野和方法论归纳总结出以生态修复为目标,以“生态修复-行为-空间”为核心设计思想的前提下,城市生态湿地界面空间的设计目标、原则及意义。通过分析城市湿地的生态要素,控制生态湿地界面空间的长度、宽度、蜿蜒度等形态指标,结合北京昌平东沙河湿地生态修复和张家口郊野湿地生态修复两个项目实践,归纳总结出城市湿地界面空间修复设计的模式。
[Abstract]:Urban wetland, as a critical space between man and nature, plays a very important role in both natural ecosystem and human life. It not only has a series of important ecological functions, It is an indispensable part of the information and energy transmission of natural systems, and can provide rich and diverse support for cities. It has the reputation of "kidney of the earth". Urban ecological restoration is to repair the damaged ecosystem through artificial leading behavior to ensure the urban ecological security and create a more comfortable and natural living environment for people. Urban ecological wetland is located in or around the city. It is easy to be interfered by many kinds of pollutants in the city. It must be repaired and designed in many ways in order to gradually have the ability of self-regulation. On the other hand, in order to maintain and improve the ability of self-repair and resist the external disturbance, the urban ecological wetland must be a secondary ecosystem with a certain degree of wildness, that is, artificial wetland. The research object of this paper is the interface space between ecological wetland and city, that is, the relationship between ecological wetland and city and the design mode of interface space from the scale of urban design. Compared with other components of wetland, interface space is not only affected by urban human activities and natural wetland ecosystem, but also acts as a transitional region to transmit disturbance and influence, controlling the close relationship between man and nature. If it is not handled well, it will bring serious harm and burden to wetland environment. Therefore, the urban design of urban eco-wetland interface space meets the basic requirements of urban ecological restoration, at the same time, it should pay more attention to deal with the relationship between man and nature, so that the ecological function of wetland and urban function can be coordinated. Based on the theoretical background of urban ecological restoration, the paper combs the ecological, morphological control elements and the relationship between the urban wetland interface space restoration and the urban wetland interface space restoration. Combined with architectural field of vision and methodology, the paper summarizes the design objectives, principles and significance of the interface space of urban ecological wetland under the premise of ecological restoration as the goal and "ecological restoration-behavior-space" as the core design idea. By analyzing the ecological elements of urban wetland, controlling the length, width and winding degree of the interface space of ecological wetland, combining with the ecological restoration of Dongsha River wetland in Changping, Beijing, and the ecological restoration of wetland in Zhangjiakou countryside, two projects are put forward. The design model of urban wetland interface space restoration is summarized.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU986.5

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