规则高层框架—剪力墙隔震建筑的地震响应简化分析方法

发布时间：2019-04-02 04:11

【摘要】：隔震技术在高层建筑中的应用与其在中低层建筑相比,具有其特殊性。高层隔震建筑一般具有较大的高宽比,有很明显的倾覆效应,当强震作用在隔震建筑时,支座会不可避免的产生拉应力,这在规范中是不被允许的。如何防止和减小地震作用下隔震支座产生的拉应力以及确定高层隔震建筑结构的高宽比限值是现阶段关于隔震技术在高层建筑中的应用几个亟待解决的问题。本文首先介绍了几种隔震支座的通用力学模型,因铅芯橡胶隔震支座在地震作用下的力学行为与双线性模型接近,所以本文均选择双线性模型来表征支座的力学行为;介绍了高层隔震建筑结构动力分析的几种等效简化模型;提出了两种规则高层框架剪力墙隔震建筑的连续化计算方法:第一种方法是采用两根夹心梁以及很多连杆模拟高层框架剪力墙结构,通过Matlab编程计算夹心梁的单元刚度矩阵,将夹心梁层单元刚度矩阵组装而成的整体刚度矩阵代入隔震结构地震运动方程得到结构的动力响应;为便于工程计算方便,提出了更具实用性的第二种方法。该方法是利用ANSYS建立了高层隔震建筑的二维简化有限元模型,等效组合梁采用两根各向异性梁单元通过连杆单元相连接来模拟,将二维模型的计算结果与精确有限元模型的结果进行了对比。本文所提出的两种简化分析方法为规则框架剪力墙高层隔震建筑的初步设计提供了很大的帮助。因高宽比对隔震技术在高层建筑中的应用有重要影响,利用通用有限元软件ANSYS对高宽比各异的高层隔震结构进行罕遇地震作用下的瞬态分析,得出了不同结构体系的隔震结构高宽比限值的建议值,并与目前的高层规范中关于高宽比的规定值进行对比。本文最后对以上内容进行了一些简单的总结,列举了高层隔震建筑结构目前仍然存在的一些问题,并对这些亟待解决的问题给出了自己的看法与展望。
[Abstract]:The application of seismic isolation technology in high-rise buildings has its particularity compared with its application in middle-and low-rise buildings. High-rise isolated buildings usually have a large ratio of height to width and obvious overturning effect. When strong earthquakes act on isolated buildings, the bearing will inevitably produce tensile stress, which is not allowed in the code. How to prevent and reduce the tensile stress of isolation bearing under earthquake action and how to determine the limit value of height-width ratio of high-rise isolated building structure are several urgent problems to be solved in the application of isolation technology in high-rise building at present. This paper first introduces several general mechanical models of isolated bearings. Because the mechanical behavior of lead rubber bearings under earthquake is close to bilinear model, bilinear models are chosen in this paper to characterize the mechanical behavior of bearings. Several equivalent simplified models for structural dynamic analysis of high-rise isolated buildings are introduced. In this paper, two kinds of continuous calculation methods for seismic isolation buildings with regular high-rise frame shear walls are presented. The first method is to use two sandwich beams and many connecting rods to simulate high-rise frame shear wall structures, and calculate the element stiffness matrix of sandwich beams by Matlab programming. The whole stiffness matrix of sandwich beam layer element is assembled into the seismic motion equation of isolated structure to get the dynamic response of the structure. In order to facilitate the engineering calculation, a more practical second method is put forward. In this method, a two-dimensional simplified finite element model of high-rise seismic isolation building is established by using ANSYS. The equivalent composite beam is simulated by two anisotropic beam elements connected with the connecting rod element. The calculation results of the two-dimensional model are compared with the results of the accurate finite element model. The two simplified analysis methods presented in this paper are of great help for the preliminary design of high-rise isolated buildings with regular frame shear walls. Because the ratio of height to width has an important influence on the application of isolation technology in high-rise buildings, the transient analysis of high-rise isolated structures with different height-to-width ratios under rare earthquake action is carried out by using the general finite element software ANSYS. The proposed values of the limit values of the ratio of height to width of isolated structures with different structural systems are obtained and compared with the prescribed values of the ratio of height to width in the present high-rise codes. At the end of this paper, some simple summaries of the above contents are given, and some problems that still exist in high-rise seismic isolation structures are enumerated, and their own views and prospects are given for these urgent problems to be solved.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU973.31

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