永磁同步无齿轮曳引机测试系统的设计

发布时间：2019-04-11 20:22

【摘要】：伴随着经济和社会的不断发展,土地资源日益匮乏,人们对高层建筑的需求不断加大,电梯作为一种垂直交通工具,很好地满足了高层建筑的垂直运输需求。而永磁同步无齿轮曳引机作为电梯的驱动设备,其性能的优劣直接影响着电梯系统的运行质量和电梯运行的安全性和可靠性。因此,开发出一套带能量回馈功能的永磁同步无齿轮曳引机专用测试系统具有十分重要的意义,它不仅满足了永磁同步无齿轮曳引机特殊的负载特性,而且可以提高测试过程自动化程度,相较于传统测功系统,还可以大幅降低测试过程中的耗能。本文首先阐述了曳引式垂直电梯系统的工作原理,并概要阐述了永磁同步无齿轮曳引机的结构组成、各主要组成部件的作用及其突出的优点。根据测试的需要,本文对永磁同步电机的数学模型和常用的矢量控制方式等作了必要的探讨。本文也对交流电力测功系统对再生能量的处理方式及其特点进行了比较研究。其次,针对现有的测功系统的测功方式及其特点以及电梯曳引机测功系统的发展现状和存在的问题,分析比较了异步电机和永磁同步电机不同的负载特性,确定了测试系统的负载电机类型；通过对测试系统各个测试量的特性分析和研究,确定了测试系统中的电参数和机械参数的采集设备；在此基础上,通过增加附加的逆变器,实现了将负载电机运行时的能量回馈回电网的功能,并由此完成了永磁同步无齿轮曳引机测试系统硬件平台的构成。在软件方面,按照测试系统的硬件构成和测试项目的需要,作者设计了基于LabVIEW的测试软件。编制了基于RS232, USB接口的通讯程序,实现了测试过程中的各个电参数和转矩、转速参数的数据采集；为了严格控制测试条件,编制了基于PID算法的转矩点自动调节程序,利用NI的数据采集卡,使得运行转速平稳可调。编写了基于Modbus RTU协议的富士1ift变频器通讯程序,实现了变频器的远程监控,用于实时监控变频器的工作状态。最后,对永磁同步无齿轮曳引机测功系统进行了实际的运行测试,并对测试结果进行了分析。通过和传统测试机的测试能耗进行对比,实验结果表明本测试系统可以大大节约测试时消耗的电能。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of economy and society, land resources are increasingly scarce, and people's demand for high-rise buildings is increasing. As a vertical means of transportation, elevators can meet the vertical transport needs of high-rise buildings. As the driving equipment of the elevator, the performance of the permanent magnet synchronous gear-less tractor directly affects the operation quality of the elevator system and the safety and reliability of the elevator operation. Therefore, it is very important to develop a special testing system for permanent magnet synchronous gear traction machine with energy feedback function, which not only satisfies the special load characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous gear traction machine, Compared with the traditional power measurement system, the energy consumption in the test process can be greatly reduced. In this paper, the working principle of the traction vertical elevator system is first described, and the structure composition of the permanent magnet synchronous gear-less traction machine, the function of the main components and its outstanding advantages are briefly described. According to the need of testing, the mathematical model of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and the commonly used vector control methods are discussed in this paper. The processing methods and characteristics of regenerative energy in AC power measurement system are also studied in this paper. Secondly, the different load characteristics of asynchronous motor and permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) are analyzed and compared, aiming at the current situation and existing problems of the current power measuring system of elevator traction machine and the way of measuring power of existing power measuring system. The type of load motor of the test system is determined. Through the analysis and research on the characteristics of each test quantity in the test system, the acquisition equipment of electrical parameters and mechanical parameters in the test system is determined. On this basis, by adding an additional inverter, the function of returning the energy of the load motor back to the power grid is realized, and the hardware platform of the PMSM testing system is completed. In the aspect of software, according to the hardware structure of the test system and the requirement of the test project, the author designs the test software based on LabVIEW. The communication program based on RS232, USB interface is compiled, and the data acquisition of each electric parameter, torque and rotational speed parameter in the testing process is realized. In order to control the test conditions strictly, an automatic torque point adjustment program based on PID algorithm is developed. The data acquisition card of NI is used to make the running speed stable and adjustable. The communication program of Fuji 1ift inverter based on Modbus RTU protocol is compiled, and the remote monitoring of the converter is realized, which is used to monitor the working status of the converter in real time. Finally, the power measuring system of permanent magnet synchronous non-gear traction machine is tested, and the test results are analyzed. Compared with the test energy consumption of the traditional test machine, the experimental results show that the test system can greatly save the energy consumed during the test.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU857

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