密闭空间人工环境气氛控制及反应动力学研究
发布时间：2019-05-24 21:47
【摘要】：文章基于密闭空间气氛控制体系追求低能耗、高效再生、综合集成的实际需求和发展趋势,针对氧气浓度控制、有害气体净化、环境温湿度控制三大关键问题展开了系列化的实验研究,深入的反应动力学、传热传质过程理论分析,开发出低能源供给条件下的安全、低耗、高效密闭空间气氛控制应用技术,具有重要的理论意义和实际应用价值。 文章在模拟密闭装置内展开了基于单位板状型态超氧化钾的氧气浓度控制实验,建立了板状超氧化钾反应动力学模型。结合实验数据,确定了模型动力学参数及适用范围,提出了板状超氧化钾反应动力学过程分为快、慢两个反应阶段,快反应阶段由界面反应控速,慢反应阶段由内扩散控速。基于实验及动力学模型,确定了板状超氧化钾需求总量及有效产氧时长等应用参数,构成了密闭空间人工环境氧气浓度控制策略。 文章搭建了模拟密闭空间循环净化实验装置,分别对3种CO2与3种CO固体化学吸收剂展开了循环净化实验研究,得到了6种吸收剂的较优空速条件。通过对实验数据展开反应动力学分析,建立了CO2和CO循环净化反应动力学方程,给出了最大反应速率与气体浓度的对应关系。基于反应动力学方程,得到了净化剂理论最小需求量及环境CO2和CO理论维持浓度等实际应用参数,构成了密闭空间人工环境CO2和CO浓度控制策略。 文章建立了立方体冰蓄冷模块相变制冷数学模型,得到了蓄冷模块壁面综合传热系数、有效制冷时间、制冷率以及除湿量的数学表达式,确定了各参数间的相互关系。展开了立方体蓄冷模块有效制冷时间测量实验,基于实验数据建立了蓄冷模块环境温湿度修正系数方程,对数学模型进行了修正。基于该修正模型,确定了蓄冷模块需求总量、单位时间蓄冷模块需求量、蓄冷模块更换时间等应用参数,构成了密闭空间人工环境温湿控制策略。 文章基于密闭空间气氛控制理论与控制策略,开发了系列气氛控制装置。成功进行了2人24小时及8人168小时密闭空间载人实验,证明了本文研究提出的气氛控制理论与控制策略能够有效地指导实际应用,为该领域的相关研究提供了技术基础与应用依据。
[Abstract]:Based on the actual demand and development trend of low energy consumption, high efficiency regeneration and comprehensive integration, this paper aims at oxygen concentration control and harmful gas purification. A series of experimental studies have been carried out on three key problems of environmental temperature and humidity control. The reaction kinetics and the theoretical analysis of heat and mass transfer process have been carried out, and the safety and low consumption under the condition of low energy supply have been developed. The application technology of high efficiency closed space atmosphere control has important theoretical significance and practical application value. In this paper, the oxygen concentration control experiment based on unit plate type potassium superoxide was carried out in a simulated airtight device, and the kinetic model of plate potassium superoxide reaction was established. Combined with the experimental data, the kinetic parameters and applicable range of the model are determined, and the kinetic process of plate potassium superoxide reaction is divided into two stages: fast and slow, the fast reaction stage is controlled by the interface reaction rate, and the slow reaction stage is controlled by internal diffusion. Based on the experimental and kinetic model, the application parameters such as the total demand for plate potassium superoxide and the effective oxygen production time were determined, and the oxygen concentration control strategy in artificial environment in closed space was formed. In this paper, an experimental device for simulated closed space circulation purification was built, and three kinds of CO2 and three kinds of CO solid chemical absorbers were studied respectively, and the optimum space velocity conditions of six kinds of absorbers were obtained. Based on the analysis of the reaction kinetics of the experimental data, the kinetic equations of CO2 and CO cycle purification reaction were established, and the corresponding relationship between the maximum reaction rate and the gas concentration was given. Based on the reaction kinetics equation, the practical application parameters such as the minimum demand of purifier theory and the maintenance concentration of environmental CO2 and CO theory are obtained, and the concentration control strategy of CO2 and CO in closed space artificial environment is constructed. In this paper, the mathematical model of phase change refrigeration of cubic ice storage module is established, and the mathematical expressions of comprehensive heat transfer coefficient, effective refrigeration time, cooling rate and dehumidification capacity of the cold storage module are obtained, and the relationship among the parameters is determined. The experiment of measuring the effective refrigeration time of cube cold storage module is carried out. based on the experimental data, the correction coefficient equation of temperature and humidity in the environment of cold storage module is established, and the mathematical model is modified. Based on the modified model, the application parameters such as the total demand of cold storage module, the demand of cold storage module per unit time and the replacement time of cold storage module are determined, and the temperature and humidity control strategy of artificial environment in closed space is formed. Based on the theory and control strategy of closed space atmosphere control, a series of atmosphere control devices are developed in this paper. The manned experiments of 2 people for 24 hours and 8 people for 168 hours have been successfully carried out. It is proved that the atmosphere control theory and control strategy proposed in this paper can effectively guide the practical application. It provides the technical basis and application basis for the related research in this field.
【学位授予单位】：北京科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU831
本文编号：2485208
[Abstract]:Based on the actual demand and development trend of low energy consumption, high efficiency regeneration and comprehensive integration, this paper aims at oxygen concentration control and harmful gas purification. A series of experimental studies have been carried out on three key problems of environmental temperature and humidity control. The reaction kinetics and the theoretical analysis of heat and mass transfer process have been carried out, and the safety and low consumption under the condition of low energy supply have been developed. The application technology of high efficiency closed space atmosphere control has important theoretical significance and practical application value. In this paper, the oxygen concentration control experiment based on unit plate type potassium superoxide was carried out in a simulated airtight device, and the kinetic model of plate potassium superoxide reaction was established. Combined with the experimental data, the kinetic parameters and applicable range of the model are determined, and the kinetic process of plate potassium superoxide reaction is divided into two stages: fast and slow, the fast reaction stage is controlled by the interface reaction rate, and the slow reaction stage is controlled by internal diffusion. Based on the experimental and kinetic model, the application parameters such as the total demand for plate potassium superoxide and the effective oxygen production time were determined, and the oxygen concentration control strategy in artificial environment in closed space was formed. In this paper, an experimental device for simulated closed space circulation purification was built, and three kinds of CO2 and three kinds of CO solid chemical absorbers were studied respectively, and the optimum space velocity conditions of six kinds of absorbers were obtained. Based on the analysis of the reaction kinetics of the experimental data, the kinetic equations of CO2 and CO cycle purification reaction were established, and the corresponding relationship between the maximum reaction rate and the gas concentration was given. Based on the reaction kinetics equation, the practical application parameters such as the minimum demand of purifier theory and the maintenance concentration of environmental CO2 and CO theory are obtained, and the concentration control strategy of CO2 and CO in closed space artificial environment is constructed. In this paper, the mathematical model of phase change refrigeration of cubic ice storage module is established, and the mathematical expressions of comprehensive heat transfer coefficient, effective refrigeration time, cooling rate and dehumidification capacity of the cold storage module are obtained, and the relationship among the parameters is determined. The experiment of measuring the effective refrigeration time of cube cold storage module is carried out. based on the experimental data, the correction coefficient equation of temperature and humidity in the environment of cold storage module is established, and the mathematical model is modified. Based on the modified model, the application parameters such as the total demand of cold storage module, the demand of cold storage module per unit time and the replacement time of cold storage module are determined, and the temperature and humidity control strategy of artificial environment in closed space is formed. Based on the theory and control strategy of closed space atmosphere control, a series of atmosphere control devices are developed in this paper. The manned experiments of 2 people for 24 hours and 8 people for 168 hours have been successfully carried out. It is proved that the atmosphere control theory and control strategy proposed in this paper can effectively guide the practical application. It provides the technical basis and application basis for the related research in this field.
【学位授予单位】：北京科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU831
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