天津市居民用水阶梯定价研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 00:01

本文关键词：天津市居民用水阶梯定价研究　出处：《天津财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前我国各城市的水资源越来越缺乏,而我们的城镇化在不断加快,有越来越多的人涌入城市,城市自来水的供需矛盾日益严重；又由于我国城市居民用水价格不合理,导致居民用水效率不高,居民用水存在很大浪费,城市缺水问题越来越凸显。对此我们需要研究制定合理的城市居民用水价格,借助价格这一经济杠杆来调节居民用水量,促进居民节约用水,提高城市水资源的使用效率进而缓解城市供水的压力,同时也期望借助水价改革来实现供水企业的市场化,改变供水企业长期以来亏损的局面,促进供水企业的良性发展,更好地推进水务市场的改革。城市居民用水由城市供水企业生产并销售给城市居民使用,是一种商品；同时它又是城市居民的生活必需品,保障城市居民的基本生活,属于公共品。所以城市居民用水定价既要考虑一般商品定价的目标,即达到公平和效率的目标；也要考虑公共产品的定价目标,保证基本生活需求,不加重居民的负担,定价时要考虑居民的承受能力。居民用水的递增式阶梯定价可以达到多个目标的统一,是一种很好的定价方式。论文主要通过理论应用和实践分析,定性和定量相结合的方法来研究天津市居民用水阶梯定价的问题。论文首先总结和回顾了城市居民用水定价的相关理论和研究文献；随后通过比较研究和案例分析,总结了国内其他城市居民用水阶梯定价的实践经验和国外城市居民用水定价制度的优点；接着分析了天津市居民用水定价存在的问题,提出天津要实施居民用水阶梯定价；并根据之前的理论应用和实践总结,具体设计了天津市居民用水阶梯定价方案,来促进天津市居民用水的价格改革；还在此基础上提出了进一步展望,如建立季节性水价、建立城市可交易水权制度来实现城市居民用水的“准市场化”。
[Abstract]:At present, the city of China's water resources are more and more scarce, and our urbanization continues to accelerate, more and more people into the city, the contradiction between supply and demand of city tap water is increasingly serious; and because of our city residential water price is not reasonable, resulting in residential water efficiency is not high, there is a big waste of residential water, city water shortage more and more prominent. So we need to develop a reasonable city residential water price, to regulate the consumption of water price by the economic levers to promote residents to save water, improve the efficiency of the use of city water resources and alleviate the pressure of water supply for the city, but also with expectations of price reform to realize marketization of water supply enterprises, the change of water supply enterprises for a long time loss situation, and promote the healthy development of water supply enterprises, to better promote the reform of the water market. City residents of water by city water supply enterprises Production and sales to the city residents, is a commodity; it is also the city residents of the necessities of life, guarantee the basic life of city residents, belongs to public goods. So the city residents' water pricing should not only consider the general commodity pricing objectives, namely achieve fairness and efficiency goals; should also consider the public product pricing objectives ensure the basic living needs, not to increase the burden on the residents, pricing should consider the affordability of the residents. The residents of water incremental ladder pricing can achieve multiple goals unified, is a good pricing. The paper mainly through the application of the theoretical and practical analysis, combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to study the problem of the Tianjin city residential water ladder pricing. This thesis firstly summarizes and reviews the theory of city residential water pricing and research literature; then through the comparison research and case analysis, the total The advantages of other domestic city residential water ladder pricing practice and foreign city residential water pricing system; and then analyzes the existing water pricing in Tianjin city residents, put forward to implement the Tianjin residential water ladder pricing; and application of theory and practice according to the summary of the specific design of Tianjin city residential water ladder pricing scheme the price reform to promote the Tianjin city residents of water; on this basis, put forward the further prospects, such as the establishment of seasonal water price, the establishment of city water rights trading system to achieve the city residents water "quasi market".

【学位授予单位】：天津财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F299.24

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