农产品冷链物流配送开放式车辆路径研究

发布时间：2018-01-14 23:27

本文关键词：农产品冷链物流配送开放式车辆路径研究　出处：《重庆工商大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着小康社会的建设，人们收入得到增加，生活节奏也在加快，与此同时人们对冷链产品的需求量也在日益增长。目前我国食品安全问题频频发生，这使得人们对冷链产品的质量提出了更高的要求。现代社会冷链物流配送活动面临巨大的挑战，比如配送范围越来越广，，交通拥堵，人工成本以及设施成本越来越高。制定合理的车辆配送方案，对农产品冷链配送企业而言，不仅能够有效地降低产品的配送成本，而且能够保证冷链农产品的质量安全。目前对冷链物流配送车辆路径问题的研究，大多是关于闭环式车辆路径问题的研究，即认为车辆在完成配送任务后还会返回到原配送中心。而在实际的冷链物流配送中，特别是物流外包越来越普遍的情况下，配送车辆常常不需要返回到配送中心。另一方面，生鲜农产品具有易腐的特点，产品的品质对时间因素比较敏感，冷藏车的能耗随着时间的累积以及外界温度的变化而变化，顾客一般对送达时间有要求。因此，本文首先以生鲜农产品冷链物流配送为基础，分析在此背景下的开放式车辆路径的特性并构建相关成本函数。本论文的成本包括因产品腐坏所造成的货损成本、配送时冷冻设备消耗的能源成本、违反顾客需求时间窗所造成的惩罚成本、以及车辆固定成本和随里程递增的运输成本等。其次，设计了求解该模型的改进式遗传算法进行模型求解。最后运用一个具体的算例，用所设计的遗传算法进行了求解，进而验证了模型和算法的有效性。本论文的研究结论可为生鲜产品配送商在追求配送总成本最小化的前提下进行线路选择、车辆规模、配送时间的优化安排等的参考，具有良好的应用价值。
[Abstract]:With the construction of a well-off society, people's income has been increased, the pace of life is also accelerating, at the same time, people's demand for cold-chain products is also growing day by day. At present, food safety problems occur frequently in China. This makes people put forward higher requirements for the quality of cold chain products. Modern society cold chain logistics distribution activities are facing enormous challenges, such as the increasingly wide range of distribution, traffic congestion. The labor cost and the facility cost are higher and higher. To establish the reasonable vehicle distribution plan, not only can reduce the distribution cost of the product effectively for the cold-chain distribution enterprise of agricultural products. And can ensure the quality and safety of cold chain agricultural products. At present, most of the research on the cold-chain logistics distribution vehicle routing problem is about the closed-loop vehicle routing problem. That is, the vehicle will return to the original distribution center after completing the distribution task. But in the actual cold-chain logistics distribution, especially in the case of logistics outsourcing is becoming more and more common. Distribution vehicles often do not need to return to the distribution center. On the other hand, fresh agricultural products have the characteristics of perishable, product quality is more sensitive to time factors. The energy consumption of refrigerated vehicle changes with the accumulation of time and the change of external temperature. Customers generally require the delivery time. Therefore, this paper is based on the cold chain logistics distribution of fresh agricultural products. In this context, the characteristics of open vehicle routing and the related cost function are analyzed. The cost of this paper includes the cost of goods damage caused by product decay, the cost of energy consumption of refrigerating equipment in distribution. The penalty cost caused by violating the time window of customer demand, as well as the fixed cost of vehicle and the transportation cost increasing with mileage, etc. An improved genetic algorithm for solving the model is designed to solve the model. Finally, a concrete example is used to solve the problem, and the validity of the model and algorithm is verified. The conclusion of this paper can be used as a reference for fresh product distributors to select routes, optimize vehicle size and distribution time under the premise of minimizing the total cost of distribution, which has a good application value.
【学位授予单位】：重庆工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F326.6;F252

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