碳交易机制对国际商务环境结构性影响分析

发布时间：2018-01-21 03:01

本文关键词： 国际贸易碳交易机制影响因素碳金融　出处：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：2005年《京都议定书》正式生效后，全球的碳交易市场进入快速增长时期，它的迅速发展使人们对它的潜力产生了新的认识。随着碳交易市场渐趋成熟，参与的国家数量在不断的增多，市场结构也正向多层次深化。虽然自2009年以后，由于国际碳价的持续下跌，全球碳交易额逐年减少，但碳交易量依旧保持持续上升的劲头，碳交易市场前景广阔。国际贸易与商务环境发生密切联系是基于经济全球化、贸易自由化和可持续发展战略思想三个基本背景。本文的逻辑体系是从理论出发，沿着国际贸易发展的轨迹层层深入地展开研究，探讨不同阶段下国际商务环境的特点，体现了理论与实践的统一。为使研究成果更加客观、科学和具有全面性，文章借鉴大量学者的研究模式，主要采用定性分析的研究方法，比较分析与归纳法系相结合，通过对国际贸易方式、国际商务环境以及碳交易机制相关文献的全面搜集、归纳整理和深入分析，系统阐述国际商务环境的演化过程，为论文研究提供基础。本文首先分析了传统的货物贸易下国际商务环境的特点，人类历史上真正大规模贸易的产生源于地理大发现，这种早期的商品贸易的产生与发展主要受自然环境和生产技能的影响。商品贸易的发展带动了交通运输业、金融服务业等领域的发展，从而促使了服务贸易的发展。第二次世界大战以后，国际贸易对国际商务经济、文化、政治政策以及自然环境产生了极其深远的影响，尤其是服务贸易和技术贸易的发展极大的促进了国际垂直分工和水平分工的深化和扩大，促进商品结构向高级化发展。碳排放交易是国际环境合作的重要内容，，也是环境经济学和制度经济学在国际贸易方面的比较新颖的应用研究领域。本文在对国内外的研究成果进行综述的基础上，采用结构分析法，分析了碳交易市场的基本理论基础，并对碳交易机制的绩效进行分析。结果表明碳交易市场机制不仅可以改善环境质量，还也可以实现资源的优化配置，降低发达国家的减排成本，促使发展中国家可持续发展，提高了企业能效。同时碳交易机制促使金融工具的创新，影响了全球货币体系。本文在两个方面具有创新之处：首先研究思路的创新。文章系统的探究了不同贸易阶段下商务环境的变化，分析每种因素变化的原因，这对于探索国际贸易发生和发展的约束机制，把握国际贸易演变的规律和方向，保障和推动国际贸易持续稳定的发展，具有重要的意义。其次研究角度的创新。碳排放交易作为一种新兴的贸易方式，虽然就目前状况来看，碳市低迷，CDM市场已名存实亡，但新兴市场的逐步崛起，或为目前的国际碳市场打破僵局，因此碳交易的前景仍然乐观。探究未来国际商务环境可能发生的变化，可以为政府和企业制定相关政策和战略提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:After the Kyoto Protocol came into effect in 2005, the global carbon trading market has entered into a period of rapid growth, and its rapid development has made people have a new understanding of its potential. With the carbon trading market gradually maturing. The number of participating countries is increasing, and the market structure is deepening at different levels. Although since 2009, the global carbon trading volume has decreased year by year because of the continuous decline of international carbon price. But carbon trading volume still keeps rising momentum, carbon trading market prospects are broad. The close relationship between international trade and business environment is based on the three basic backgrounds of economic globalization, trade liberalization and sustainable development strategy. Along the track of the development of international trade, the research is carried out in depth, and the characteristics of the international business environment in different stages are discussed, which embodies the unity of theory and practice. In order to make the research results more objective, scientific and comprehensive, this paper uses the research model of a large number of scholars, mainly using qualitative analysis research method, comparative analysis and induction method combined. By collecting, summarizing and analyzing the relevant documents of international trade mode, international business environment and carbon trading mechanism, this paper systematically expounds the evolution process of international business environment, which provides the basis for the research of this paper. This paper first analyzes the characteristics of the international business environment under the traditional trade in goods. The real large-scale trade in human history originated from the geographical discovery. The emergence and development of this early commodity trade is mainly affected by natural environment and production skills. The development of commodity trade has led to the development of transportation, financial services and other fields. After the second World War, international trade had a profound impact on the international business economy, culture, political policy and natural environment. Especially, the development of service trade and technology trade has greatly promoted the deepening and expanding of international vertical and horizontal division of labor, and promoted the development of commodity structure to higher level. Carbon emissions trading is an important part of international environmental cooperation. It is also a relatively novel applied research field of environmental economics and institutional economics in international trade. Based on the review of domestic and foreign research results, this paper adopts structural analysis method. The basic theoretical basis of carbon trading market is analyzed, and the performance of carbon trading mechanism is analyzed. The results show that carbon trading market mechanism can not only improve the environmental quality, but also achieve the optimal allocation of resources. Reducing the cost of reducing emissions in developed countries, promoting sustainable development in developing countries and improving corporate energy efficiency, and carbon trading mechanisms have contributed to innovation in financial instruments and to the global monetary system. This paper has two aspects of innovation: first, the innovation of ideas. The article systematically explores the changes in the business environment in different trade stages, and analyzes the reasons for the changes of each factor. This will help to explore the binding mechanism for the occurrence and development of international trade, grasp the law and direction of the evolution of international trade, and ensure and promote the sustained and stable development of international trade. Carbon emissions trading as a new way of trade, although the current situation, the carbon market downturn has survived the CDM market. But the gradual rise of emerging markets, or break the deadlock for the current international carbon market, carbon trading prospects remain optimistic. Explore the future of the international business environment may change. It can provide theoretical basis for government and enterprises to formulate relevant policies and strategies.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F205;F752

【共引文献】