安徽省农村劳动力转移的经济分析

发布时间：2018-01-28 07:15

本文关键词： 劳动力转移农村经济收入差距人力资本　出处：《南京大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文以安徽省劳动力转移为研究对象,整理了国内外关于农村剩余劳动力转移的理论,从农村劳动力转移对农民经济收入、农村生产、城乡收入差距和农村劳动力未来发展的影响等角度,对已有的国内外文献进行了回顾,为后文的进一步分析做好了准备。在此基础上,本文首先全面分析了1990～2012年安徽省农村劳动力转移的情况,从转移劳动力的数量、性别、年龄、行业和区域分布等方面,详细剖析了大力推进城镇化背景下的安徽省农村转移劳动力的特征。其次,深入分析了安徽省农村劳动力转移对农村经济活动的影响,包含两个方面：一是劳动力转移对农民经济收入是正向作用：二是探讨了劳动力转移和农村生产活动之间的关系,劳动力转移和农业机械投入增加会增加农业产出,但化肥施用量增加却会减少农业产出。再次,以我国二元经济结构为主要分析背景,通过城乡收入绝对差距和相对差距两个指标,考量安徽省农村劳动力转移对城乡收入差距的影响。加入户籍制度因素,在区分了农村转移劳动力中成功转变为城镇居民的群体和未能获得城镇户籍的群体的理论模型的基础上,运用安徽省二十多年的数据进行实证分析发现,安徽省的现实经济存在“库茨涅茨曲线”,且处于“库兹涅茨曲线”的前半段。农村劳动劳动力的工资性收入与城镇其他行业的职工收入差距每缩小1个百分点,城乡收入差距缩小0.23%；农村劳动力成功转变为城镇居民的人数每增加1个百分点,城乡收入差距缩小0.16%。第四,本文认为在安徽省大力推进城镇化的背景下,安徽省农村转移劳动力未来的发展应该是有能力者逐渐融入城市。本文从人力资本投资的视角进行分析,从理论上而言,较高的人力资本可以获得较高的收入,从而拥有更好的发展；从实证上来看,文章借助VAR模型研究安徽省农村劳动力工资性收入、教育性投资、健康性投资和融入性投资之间的关系,试图理清安徽省农村劳动力未来发展的线索。结合Grange因果检验、脉冲响应和方差分解分析,得出结论是教育性投资对于农村转移劳动力的收入贡献是很明显的,加大教育性投资有助于安徽省农村劳动力更好地融入城市,而健康性投资与融入性投资的影响相对较小。最后,结合安徽省发展的现实情况,提出了安徽省农村剩余劳动力转移过程中存在的问题,并给出了有针对性的相关政策建议。
[Abstract]:This article takes the labor force transfer of Anhui Province as the research object, collates the domestic and foreign theories about the rural surplus labor force transfer, from the rural labor force transfer to the farmer economic income, the rural production. From the perspective of the income gap between urban and rural areas and the influence of the future development of rural labor force, this paper reviews the existing literature at home and abroad, and prepares for further analysis. This paper first analyzes the situation of rural labor force transfer from 1990 to 2012 in Anhui Province, from the number, sex, age, industry and regional distribution of the transferred labor force. The characteristics of rural labor transfer in Anhui Province under the background of promoting urbanization are analyzed in detail. Secondly, the impact of rural labor transfer on rural economic activities in Anhui Province is analyzed in depth. It includes two aspects: one is the positive effect of labor force transfer on farmers' economic income; the other is discussing the relationship between labor force transfer and rural production activities. The transfer of labor force and the increase of agricultural machinery input will increase the agricultural output, but the increase of fertilizer application will reduce the agricultural output. Thirdly, taking the dual economic structure of our country as the main analysis background. Through the absolute income gap between urban and rural areas and the relative gap between the two indicators, to consider the rural labor transfer in Anhui Province on the urban-rural income gap, and to join the household registration system factors. On the basis of distinguishing the theoretical models of the groups that have successfully transformed into urban residents in the rural migrant labor force and those who failed to obtain the urban household registration, the author makes empirical analysis and finds out by using the data of more than 20 years in Anhui Province. The "Kuznets Curve" exists in the real economy of Anhui Province. In the first half of the Kuznets Curve, the income gap between the rural labor force and other urban workers is reduced by 1 percentage point, and the income gap between urban and rural areas is reduced by 0.23 percent. With the successful transformation of rural labor force into urban residents, the income gap between urban and rural areas will be reduced by 0.16. 4th for every 1 percentage point increase in the number of urban residents. This paper believes that in the context of vigorously promoting urbanization in Anhui Province. The future development of rural migrant labor force in Anhui Province should be the gradual integration of the competent people into the city. This paper analyzes from the perspective of human capital investment, theoretically speaking, higher human capital can obtain higher income. In order to have better development; From the empirical point of view, this paper uses VAR model to study the relationship among rural labor wage income, educational investment, health investment and integration investment in Anhui Province. This paper attempts to clarify the clues of the future development of rural labor force in Anhui Province. Combined with Grange causality test, impulse response and variance decomposition analysis. The conclusion is that the contribution of educational investment to the income of rural labor force transfer is obvious, and increasing the educational investment will help the rural labor force of Anhui Province to integrate into the city better. The impact of healthy investment and integration investment is relatively small. Finally, combined with the development of Anhui Province, the problems in the process of rural surplus labor transfer in Anhui Province are put forward. Some relevant policy suggestions are given.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F323.6;F224

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