陕西省产业结构与就业结构协调发展研究

发布时间：2018-02-01 17:44

本文关键词： 产业结构就业结构协调发展陕西省　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文针对“陕西省该如何实现产业结构与就业结构的协调发展”这一问题进行了研究，在研究过程中首先分别对陕西省的产业结构和就业结构演变过程及现状进行了分析，然后对两者之间的关系和协调性进行了研究和评价，并在从效率角度对产业结构与就业结构实现协调的优化路径进行理论分析的基础上明确陕西省未来产业结构与就业结构协调发展的方向。最终在上述研究的基础上形成对存在问题的总结与实现二者协调发展的对策建议。本次研究所得出的主要结论有如下几点：（1）陕西省的产业结构与就业结构的演变与一般经济发展规律相符，但陕西省产业结构与就业结构仍存在一些问题。产业结构的问题主要表现在第二产业比重较大，尤其是重工业化程度明显，第三产业发展严重滞后产业比重开始下滑；就业结构的问题表现在第一产业仍存在大量的劳动力，二产业对就业的吸纳作用不强，第三产业就业比重偏低且开始下滑，新兴服务业发展不充分，同时还呈现出第一产业劳动力直接流向第三产业和就业集中于农村地区两个特征。（2）在三次产业中，陕西省一、三产业的产业比重与就业比重之间存在着较大的相关性，第二产业不仅自身内部产业比重与就业比重相关性不强，同时与一、三产业的交叉相关性也较弱。在产业的总体层面，产业结构升级与就业增长都呈现变化幅度逐渐缩小的趋势，而就业结构的变动程度越来越强，同时短期格兰杰因果检验结果中，只有就业增长是促进产业结构调整的格兰杰原因得到支持，这些结果陕西省产业结构调整不仅不利于扩大就业规模而且存在着被动性，就业结构变动无法形成对产业结构升级的促进作用。（3）陕西省目前产业结构与就业结构的协调性只有中级协调程度，一、二产业产值比重与就业比重失调是不协调产生的主要原因。陕西省的三次产业按劳动生产率大小排列依次为“二、三、一”，并且第三产业已经接近于社会平均水平，在未来一段时间内吸纳劳动力的能力将明显减弱，因此未来阶段陕西省产业结构与就业结构实现协调发展应坚持的大方向是“以第二产业部门为主要吸纳劳动力的部门，优化工业内部的结构，，增强第二产业吸纳劳动力的能力，同时大力发展第三产业，尤其是新兴服务业，来拓宽第一产业劳动力的转移路径”。（4）研究中结合国家、陕西省的一些制度、政策以及基本情况对造成陕西产业结构与就业结构的问题的原因进行了分析，并认为相关部门可以从加快户籍改革与社会保障制度、优化第二产业内部结构、大力发展第三产业、合理把握技术进步与就业的关系、加强劳动力市场建设与劳动力素质培训等方面入手，促进陕西省产业结构与就业结构的协调发展。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on the problem of how to realize the coordinated development of industrial structure and employment structure in Shaanxi Province. In the course of the study, the evolution process and current situation of industrial structure and employment structure in Shaanxi Province are analyzed, and then the relationship and coordination between them are studied and evaluated. On the basis of theoretical analysis of the optimal path to realize the coordination between industrial structure and employment structure from the angle of efficiency, the direction of future coordinated development of industrial structure and employment structure in Shaanxi Province is clarified. Finally, the basis of the above research is given. The main conclusions of this study are as follows:. 1) the evolution of industrial structure and employment structure in Shaanxi Province is consistent with the general economic development law. However, there are still some problems in the industrial structure and employment structure in Shaanxi Province. The main problems of industrial structure are the high proportion of the secondary industry, especially the obvious degree of heavy industry. The development of tertiary industry is seriously lagging behind the proportion of industry began to decline; The problem of employment structure is that there is still a large number of labor force in the primary industry, the role of the secondary industry in absorbing employment is not strong, the proportion of employment in the tertiary industry is low and declining, and the new service industry is not fully developed. At the same time, it also presents two characteristics: the direct flow of labor force from the primary industry to the tertiary industry and the concentration of employment in the rural areas. Among the three industries, there is a great correlation between the industrial proportion and the employment proportion of the first and third industries in Shaanxi Province, and the second industry is not only its own internal industrial proportion and employment proportion is not strong correlation. At the same time, the cross-correlation with the first and third industries is also weak. In the overall level of industry, the upgrading of industrial structure and employment growth are gradually shrinking trend, and the degree of change of employment structure is becoming stronger and stronger. At the same time, in the short-term Granger causality test, only the employment growth is the Granger reason to promote the industrial structure adjustment. These results show that the adjustment of industrial structure in Shaanxi Province is not only unfavorable to the expansion of employment scale, but also passive, and the change of employment structure can not promote the upgrading of industrial structure. At present, the coordination of industrial structure and employment structure in Shaanxi Province is only intermediate level. The imbalance between the proportion of the output value of the second industry and the proportion of employment is the main reason for the disharmony. The three industries in Shaanxi Province are in order of "two, three, one" according to the size of labor productivity. And the tertiary industry has been close to the social average level, in the future, the ability to absorb labor will be significantly weakened. Therefore, in the future, the main direction of the coordinated development of industrial structure and employment structure in Shaanxi Province should be "taking the secondary industrial sector as the main department to absorb labor force, and optimizing the internal structure of the industry." We should strengthen the ability of the secondary industry to absorb labor force, and vigorously develop the tertiary industry, especially the new service industry, to broaden the transfer path of the labor force in the primary industry. In the study, the author analyzes the causes of the problems of industrial structure and employment structure of Shaanxi Province, combining with some systems, policies and basic conditions of the state and Shaanxi Province. The author thinks that the relevant departments can speed up the household registration reform and the social security system, optimize the internal structure of the secondary industry, vigorously develop the tertiary industry, and reasonably grasp the relationship between technological progress and employment. In order to promote the harmonious development of industrial structure and employment structure in Shaanxi Province, the construction of labor market and the training of labor quality should be strengthened.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F121.3;F249.21

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