商业银行房地产开发贷款项目风险管理研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 07:37

本文关键词： 房地产开发贷款商业银行风险风险管理　出处：《西南财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：房地产作为资金密集型行业,是我国国民经济的支撑类产业,但因为中国房地产企业获得资金的渠道受到一定的限制,使得商业银行成为其运作资金的主要来源,房地产开发贷款在全部金融机构贷款余额中的比重越来越大,并呈不断上升趋势；而且,房地产行业自身便是一个高投入、高利润的产业,房地产成为产业之初就具有了高风险的特性,所以房地产业所汇集的风险高度集中于商业银行,不容忽视。基于此,本文归纳了房地产开发贷款特征和风险的类别,综合分析了我国商业银行房地产开发贷款风险成因的内与外、宏观与微观等方面因素,利用层次分析法对房地产开发贷款中隐含的各类风险进行了综合评价,从而从商业银行的角度提出了防范房地产开发货款风险的相关措施。受到房地产刺激的贷款行为和贷款资金不断增加,而多种因素的不稳定性导致了信贷风险的增加。风险包括政府的宏观调控、经济发展的固有规律以及房地产开发商和银行间信息的不均衡等。只有采取及时有效的防范措施才能避免房地产产业的风险以及金融危机的出现。这决定了研究房地产开发的形势,以提供相关的理论依据意义重大。一方面,本文在工程理论及商业银行风险管理理论的基础上,分析了房地产开发贷款所面临的主要风险。同时,说明了由于各项经济调控政策和各项法律法规的改变之间协调不利造成了宏观层面风险的产生,致使房地产市场出现威胁到房地产开发贷款安全回收的风险；接着又说明了由价格的不合理性及房地产的地理特性导致的房地产泡沫的产生,从而造成对信贷安全的威胁,产生了房地产的区域市场风险：另有,文章又说明了由于房地产开发商和银行间的掌握信息的不均衡性使得产生了各种威胁开发商贷款安全的行为如逃避贷款,虚假获得贷款,改变贷款的用途等。另一方面,基于对房地产风险产生的基础分析,本文进一步提出了合理的控制和解决方法。首先要保证各种调控政策的协调以及加大不良贷款的监督力度,然后要完善企业和个人的征信系统,加强商业银行内部系统的完善以及房地产市场风险预警机制的运用。与此同时,加速健全相应的法律法规体系并建立成熟的房地产金融体系,并加强执法力度等。
[Abstract]:As a capital-intensive industry, real estate is the supporting industry of our national economy. However, due to the limited access to funds for Chinese real estate enterprises, commercial banks have become the main source of funds for their operations. Real estate development loans account for an increasing proportion of the total loan balance of financial institutions, and show a rising trend. Moreover, the real estate industry itself is an industry with high investment and high profits. Real estate has the characteristics of high risk at the beginning of the industry. Therefore, the risks collected by the real estate industry are highly concentrated in commercial banks, which can not be ignored. Based on this, this paper summarizes the characteristics and risk categories of real estate development loans. This paper comprehensively analyzes the internal and external, macro and micro factors of the risk of real estate development loan in commercial banks of our country, and makes a comprehensive evaluation of all kinds of risks implied in the real estate development loan by the Analytic hierarchy process (AHP). From the point of view of commercial banks, this paper puts forward some measures to prevent the risk of real estate development loan. Loan behavior and loan funds stimulated by real estate are on the rise, and the instability of many factors leads to an increase in credit risk. The risks include the government's macroeconomic regulation and control. The inherent laws of economic development and the imbalance of information between real estate developers and banks. Only by taking timely and effective preventive measures can the risks of the real estate industry and the emergence of financial crisis be avoided. The situation of real estate development, It is of great significance to provide relevant theoretical basis. On the one hand, on the basis of engineering theory and commercial bank risk management theory, this paper analyzes the main risks faced by real estate development loans. It explains that because of the unfavorable coordination between various economic control policies and the change of laws and regulations, the risk of macro-level risk arises and the real estate market threatens the safe recovery of real estate development loans. Then it explains the emergence of the real estate bubble caused by the irrationality of the price and the geographical characteristics of the real estate, which results in the threat to the credit security and the regional market risk of the real estate. The paper also explains that the imbalance of information between real estate developers and banks leads to various behaviors that threaten the loan safety of developers, such as evading loans, obtaining false loans, changing the use of loans, and so on. On the other hand, based on the basic analysis of real estate risk, this paper further puts forward reasonable control and solutions. First of all, we should ensure the coordination of various regulatory policies and strengthen the supervision of non-performing loans. Then we should perfect the credit information system for enterprises and individuals, strengthen the perfection of the internal system of commercial banks and the use of the real estate market risk warning mechanism. At the same time, Accelerate the improvement of the relevant laws and regulations system and establish a mature real estate financial system, and strengthen law enforcement.
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.45;F299.23

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