西安城市空间增长下的碳足迹时空演变研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 13:58

本文选题：城市空间增长 + 碳足迹　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国的“高能耗、高污染、高排放”发展模式,所产生的生态环境与生态压力问题广为人们所“诟病”。当前,在我国快速城市化进程中,城市空间的快速扩张必然对区域的经济活动、文化与社会意识、土地利用变化、生态环境保护等产生深刻影响,并导致区域碳排放与碳足迹的特征与空间格局产生变化。研究城市空间扩张与碳足迹的相互作用关系、响应机理、反馈过程,对加深城市化与低碳发展的地理—生态过程及效应机制的认识具有积极作用,对科学指导和管控城市空间增长以及发展空间低碳化模式具有重要的意义。本文结合RS和GIS技术,基于城市空间增长过程的视角,研究西安城市碳足迹的时空演变特征与其生态效应,总结梳理城市空间增长与城市碳足迹的反馈、调控过程,在此基础上提出西安城市空间增长的低碳化模式与相应的调控措施。研究结论主要包括： (1)西安土地利用时空变化特征。城镇用地增加明显；林地面积与牧草地面积持续减小；园地面积增加；耕地面积呈持续减小趋势；水域面积先减小后增加；未利用地比重持续减少。 (2)西安城市碳足迹时空变化特征。1999-2011西安市碳足迹总量呈波动增长趋势,平均增速为1.50%；1999年、2004年以及2009年是碳足迹发生明显增加的年份,远远高于平均增速。2000-2011年西安城市建成区面积与碳足迹总量的存在显著相关性。空间上,碳足迹呈现显著的区域差异。 (3)2010年西安市城区的碳足迹特征。①西安市城区碳足迹差异大,碳足迹灞桥区莲湖区新城区雁塔区未央区碑林区。②西安市城区各街道碳足迹呈现三个高值区的空间分布特征,且区域差异明显。 (4)雁塔区碳足迹特征。无论是能源利用碳排放总量还是碳足迹都稳居榜首。影响因素有工业园区、房地产产业以及经济圈的快速发展、能源利用技术和新能源的开发状况与经济发展速度相比相对落后、能源结构仍然以煤炭和石油等传统的高碳排化石能源为主体。因此,可通过发展低碳经济,调整产业结构,改善能源利用结构,提高能源利用效率,开发利用清洁能源,控制房地产业开发力度。 (5)西安城市碳足迹时空变化的生态效应评价。西安各区县能源利用的碳足迹产值变化均呈逐年增加态势。2008年西安的能源利用的碳足迹产值为9.74万元／hm2,比2005年的4.94万元／hm2增加了4.20万元／hm2,年均增长率为28.00%,是2005年的1.85倍。2011年西安的能源利用的碳足迹产值14.02万元／hm2比2005年增加了4.88万元／hm2,年均增长率约为17.81%,为2008年的1.53倍,是2005年的2.84倍。各区县能源利用的碳足迹强度的变化均呈逐年减小态势。 (6)城市空间增长与碳足迹的动态响应与反馈机制,主要体现在城市空间与增长所承载的产业活动与土地利用方式与碳排放之间的变化关系方面。西安城市空间的低碳化增长与管理调控,应侧重对产业活动与土地利用的低碳管理方面。
[Abstract]:Chinese "high energy consumption, high pollution and high emission" mode of development, ecological environment and ecological pressure generated by the widely criticized. At present, in the city of rapid urbanization in China in the process of the rapid expansion of the city space of regional economic activity, culture and social consciousness, land use change and have a profound impact on the protection of the ecological environment, and lead to the characteristics and spatial pattern of regional carbon emission and carbon footprint of the change. The interaction between research, city spatial expansion and the carbon footprint of the response mechanism of the feedback process, plays a positive role in understanding the mechanism of geographical ecological processes and effects to enhance city urbanization and low-carbon development. That has important significance for scientific guidance and control of city space growth and development space of low-carbon mode.
This combination of RS and GIS technology, the city space growth process based on the perspective of the evolution, characteristics and ecological effects of space on Xi'an city's carbon footprint, feedback, control process of summarizing the city space growth and the carbon footprint of the city, on the basis of Xi'an city space growth low-carbon mode and the corresponding control measures. The main conclusions of the study including:
(1) the temporal and spatial change characteristics of land use in Xi'an. The increase of urban land is obvious. The area of forestland and the area of forage grass continue to decrease. The area of garden increases, the area of arable land keeps decreasing, the area of water area decreases first and then increases, and the proportion of unused land decreases.
(2) the total carbon footprint of Xi'an City carbon footprint of temporal and spatial variation characteristics of.1999-2011 in Xi'an city is a growing trend of fluctuations, the average growth rate of 1.50%; 1999, 2004 and 2009 are significantly increased the carbon footprint of the year, far higher than the average growth rate of.2000-2011 in Xi'an City area and the total carbon footprint was significant. Space, carbon footprint is significant regional differences.
(3) the carbon footprint characteristics in Xi'an city in 2010. The difference of carbon footprint in Xi'an City, Weiyang District Beilin District carbon footprint of Baqiao District Lianhu District new town of Yanta District of Xi'an city streets. The carbon footprint has three high value distribution space, and obvious regional differences.
(4) Yanta District carbon footprint characteristics. Both energy carbon emissions and carbon footprint are ranked top. Influence factors of the industrial park, the rapid development of the real estate industry and the economic circle, energy utilization and economy development speed and development status of technology and new energy in the energy structure is still relatively backward, with coal and oil etc. the traditional high carbon fossil energy as the main body. Therefore, the development of low-carbon economy, adjust the industrial structure, improve energy structure, improve energy efficiency, development and utilization of clean energy, control of real estate development efforts.
(5) the evaluation of ecological effect in Xi'an city. The spatial variation of the carbon footprint of the output value of the carbon footprint of energy use changes in all districts and counties of Xi'an were increased year by year the output value of the carbon footprint in Xi'an energy utilization situation of.2008 is 97 thousand and 400 yuan / Hm2, than in 2005 of 49 thousand and 400 yuan / hm2 increased 42 thousand yuan / hm2, the average annual growth rate of 28% that is 1.85 times in 2005 in Xi'an.2011 energy carbon footprint output value of 140 thousand and 200 yuan / hm2 than in 2005 increased by 48 thousand and 800 yuan / hm2, the average annual growth rate of about 17.81%, 1.53 times in 2008, 2.84 times in 2005. The county changes in energy utilization of carbon footprint intensity showed a decreasing trend.
(6) the dynamic response and feedback mechanism of city space growth and carbon footprint, mainly carrying in the city space and the growth of industrial activity and the relationship between land use change and carbon emissions. Low carbon growth and management regulation of Xi'an city space, should focus on industrial activity and land use low carbon management.

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F299.27;X22

【参考文献】