城乡劳动力流动研究综述:理论与中国实证

发布时间：2018-05-17 13:47

本文选题：劳动力流动 + 历史趋势　；参考：《中国人口·资源与环境》2015年04期

【摘要】：改革开放以来,随着经济发展与户籍制度约束的放松,我国出现了大量农村劳动力流向城镇的现象,吸引了学界的广泛关注。本文主要综述关于劳动力流动驱动力及其影响方面的国内外研究。和其他工业化国家一样,我国劳动力流动趋势也与工业化进程相一致,同时与我国不同阶段的国民经济战略相关。劳动力流动的驱动力分为宏观和微观因素,我国宏观经济战略、户籍制度,以及微观个体及其家庭所面临的收入、福利、风险等因素相互交织,共同作用。在劳动力流动与收入差距的关系方面,不同学者分别从劳动力市场供需、商品市场供需和一般均衡模型出发得出了不同的结论。结合中国国情,国内学者一般认为促进劳动力流动有助于缩小城乡差距。在劳动力流动与经济增长的关系方面,二战后,刘易斯、费景汉、拉尼斯和乔根森等人不断发展完善了二元结构模型,80年代后,重视微观基础的新古典主义增长模型兴起,学者开始在此基础上研究劳动力流动与经济增长及经济周期的关系。本文还总结了国内测算劳动力流动对经济增长贡献率的不同方法和结果。对劳动力流动的研究已取得丰硕成果,但我国城镇化和劳动力流动尚有相当大的空间,把农村剩余劳动力全部转移至城镇,会面临更大的制度挑战。如何调整制度,更好地推进这一进程,仍是未来学术研究的一大热点。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the relaxation of the economic development and the restraint of the household registration system, a large number of rural labor force flows to cities and towns have emerged in China, attracting the extensive attention of the academic community. This paper mainly summarizes the domestic and foreign research on the driving force of labor flow and its influence. It is also consistent with the process of industrialization, which is related to the national economic strategy at different stages of our country. The driving force of labor flow is divided into macro and micro factors. The macroeconomic strategy, the household registration system, and the income, welfare, risk and other factors of the micro individuals and their families are interwoven with each other. In relation to the income gap, different scholars have drawn different conclusions from the supply and demand of the labor market, the supply and demand of the commodity market and the general equilibrium model. In combination with the national conditions of China, the domestic scholars generally think that the promotion of labor mobility helps to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas. The two yuan structural model has been developed and perfected by Yi, Fei Jinghan, rennis and Qiao Gensen. After 80s, the new classical growth model, which attaches importance to the microcosmic foundation, has been developed. On this basis, scholars have begun to study the relationship between labor flow and economic growth and the economic cycle. This paper also summarizes the domestic calculation of labor flow to economic growth. The different methods and results of contribution rate. The study of labor mobility has achieved fruitful results. However, there is still considerable space for urbanization and labor flow in China. The transfer of rural surplus labor to cities and towns will face greater institutional challenges. How to adjust the system and promote this process better is still a future academic research. Hot spots.
【作者单位】：对外经济贸易大学公共管理学院;清华大学经济管理学院;北京大学国家发展研究院;
【分类号】：F249.2

【参考文献】