中国制造业出口产品质量阶梯及决定因素分析

发布时间：2018-05-31 00:45

本文选题：产品质量阶梯 + 决定因素　；参考：《湖南大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来，随着各国经济的逐渐发展，贸易竞争日趋激烈，各国对外贸易关注的焦点已经从出口产品数量的多少渐渐转变为出口产品质量的高低。但如何衡量出口产品质量仍没有一个统一的标准。究竟我国出口产品质量在世界出口产品质量阶梯中处于什么地位，由哪些因素决定，这都是本文进行研究的要点。本文首先运用Khandewal（2010）的质量阶梯测度模型对2002-2011年中国制造业出口产品质量阶梯分行业进行测度，分析我国制造业出口产品质量阶梯的变化趋势。结果表明，我国制造业产品质量在加入世贸组织经历小幅波动后整体上逐渐提高，其中技术密集型产业提高明显。而后，测度加拿大、日本、欧盟、亚洲四小龙、巴西、墨西哥、印度、东盟等八个国家或地区的制造业出口产品质量阶梯。结果显示，所有国家质量阶梯情况类似，均是电脑及电子技术产品较长，石油及煤产品、印刷设备较短。并且分行业对比后发现，我国纺织品、印刷设备等劳动密集型行业排名降低，电脑及电子技术产品、电气设备及电器组件等技术密集型行业排名上升，，但仍有部分技术密集型行业排名中下游水平。随后，在行业质量阶梯的基础上加权平均计算各国总体的出口产品质量阶梯水平，对比分析得出，我国产品质量水平与墨西哥水平相当，明显高于巴西、印度，但低于日本、欧盟等发达国家。利用计算出的质量阶梯数据，本文在祝树金、张鹏辉（2013）的基础上构建计量模型，考察出口产品质量阶梯的决定因素。通过GLS和系统GMM方法回归得出，研发强度、外商直接投资、进口贸易有利于出口产品质量阶梯的攀升，但外商直接投资和进口贸易需要一定的时滞；人均资本并不起到提升出口产品质量的作用。当加入人力资本、企业规模、企业数目和行业总利润等控制变量后，也对出口产品质量阶梯的提升具有明显的促进作用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the gradual development of national economy and the increasingly fierce trade competition, the focus of foreign trade has gradually changed from the quantity of export products to the quality of export products. But how to measure the quality of export products is still not a unified standard. What is the position of China's export product quality in the world export product quality ladder, and by what factors, which is the main point of this paper. In this paper, we first use the quality ladder measurement model of Khandewalan 2010 to measure the quality ladder of Chinese manufacturing export products from 2002 to 2011, and analyze the changing trend of the quality ladder of Chinese manufacturing export products. The results show that the product quality of China's manufacturing industry has been improved gradually after entering WTO, and the technology-intensive industry has improved obviously. Then, we measure the quality ladder of eight countries or regions, such as Canada, Japan, EU, Asia, Brazil, Mexico, India, ASEAN and so on. The results show that the quality ladder is similar in all countries, with long computer and electronic products, petroleum and coal products and short printing equipment. And by industry comparison, we found that the ranking of labor-intensive industries such as textiles, printing equipment and other industries in China decreased, while the ranking of technology-intensive industries such as computer and electronic products, electrical equipment and electrical components rose. But there are still some technology-intensive industries ranked in the lower-down level. Subsequently, on the basis of the industry quality ladder, the weighted average calculation of the overall export product quality ladder level of each country shows that China's product quality level is comparable to that of Mexico, which is significantly higher than that of Brazil, India, but lower than that of Japan. The European Union and other developed countries. Based on the calculated quality ladder data, this paper constructs a measurement model on the basis of Zhu Shujin and Zhang Penghui / 2013 to investigate the determinants of the quality ladder of export products. Through the regression of GLS and systematic GMM, it is concluded that R & D intensity, foreign direct investment and import trade are conducive to the climbing of the quality ladder of export products, but foreign direct investment and import trade need a certain delay; Capital per capita does not play a role in improving the quality of export products. When human capital, enterprise size, the number of enterprises and the total profit of the industry are added, the quality ladder of export products can be promoted obviously.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F424;F752.62;F203

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