健全农民工住房保障制度相关问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 23:32

本文选题：健全 + 农民工　；参考：《东北师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于历史的原因，从1978年改革开放开始，城乡二元化结构的矛盾不断加大城乡之间社会保障水平的差距。发展中国家的城市偏向战略主导着大量农村剩余劳动力迁移到城市，特别是大中城市。学界把这些仍然拥有农村户籍，却常年在城市进行非农业生产的“农民”称作农民工。农民工这一群体几十年如一日在城市里挥洒汗水，为城市建设、社会的发展贡献着自己的力量。截至2012年末，我国农民工总量达到26261万人，同比增长3.9%。① 然而，另一方面，由于存在着户籍管理等各方面的制度缺陷，使这一日益壮大的群体无法与拥有城市户口的居民平等地享受城市各种基本的公共福利。没有充分享受到城市日新月异发展的成果。从事建筑业的农民工多居住在建设工地的临时板房中，从事制造业和服务业的农民工多居住在城乡结合部或者几人一间甚至几十人一间的出租屋里，环境卫生和生活条件都很差，这样的生存生活环境对农民工和农民工子女的身体健康和心理健康都产生了某些程度上的消极的影响，甚至还为一些疫病的发生和传播提供了条件。也与漂亮的城市中心形成鲜明的对比。针对这一现实困境，国家在建立、健全农民工基本社会保险制度的同时，也出台了一些政策法规，旨在改善农民工的基本居住环境。但如何建立长效机制，帮助农民工解决现有的住房问题，是农民工市民化的一个基础工程。这也成为近几年社会保障专业领域内可以认真研究探讨的基本问题之一。党的十八大和十八届三中全会相继提出了构建城乡一体化的社会保障体系这一远景。健全农民工的住房保障制度是其中一个重要方面，，同时也是构建社会主义和谐社会的一项基本要求。本文通过对现阶段我国农民工居住现状的调查分析，掌握现有农民工在城市居住的主要居住形式、居住条件及居住愿景。通过总结、分析从中发现的问题，研究现有一些城市农民工住房保障制度的实施方式，又对一些发达国家城市化过程中外来人口的住房保障经验和我国一些地方的试验性工程进行了借鉴，提出了健全农民工住房保障制度的创新路径，努力探索出符合我国国情的相对健全的农民工住房保障制度。也希望本文能够对构建城乡一体化的社会保障体系有所帮助。
[Abstract]:Due to historical reasons, the contradiction of urban-rural dual structure has been increasing the gap of social security level between urban and rural areas since the reform and opening up in 1978. The urban bias strategy in developing countries dominates the migration of rural surplus labor to cities, especially in large and medium cities. Scholars refer to these farmers who still have rural household registration, but who produce non-agricultural products in cities all the year round as migrant workers. Migrant workers as a group of decades in the city as a sweat, for urban construction, social development contribution to their own strength. By the end of 2012, the total number of migrant workers in China had reached 262.61 million, an increase of 3.9.1% over the same period last year. However, on the other hand, because of the defects of household registration management and other aspects of the system, this growing group can not enjoy the basic public welfare of the city on an equal footing with the residents with urban hukou. The fruits of the rapid development of the city have not been fully enjoyed. Most of the migrant workers engaged in the construction industry live in temporary houses on construction sites, while migrant workers engaged in manufacturing and service industries mostly live in urban and rural areas or in rental houses with a few people or even dozens of people. Environmental hygiene and living conditions are very poor. Such living and living conditions have had some negative effects on the physical and mental health of migrant workers and their children. It even provides conditions for the occurrence and spread of some diseases. It is also in sharp contrast to the beautiful city center. In order to improve the basic living environment of migrant workers, the state has established and perfected the basic social insurance system for migrant workers, and has also issued some policies and regulations to improve the basic living environment of migrant workers. However, how to establish a long-term mechanism to help migrant workers to solve the existing housing problems is a basic project for the urbanization of migrant workers. This has become one of the basic problems in the field of social security in recent years. The 18th CPC National Congress and the third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee successively put forward the vision of constructing a social security system integrated with urban and rural areas. Improving the housing security system of migrant workers is one of the important aspects, but also a basic requirement of building a harmonious socialist society. Based on the investigation and analysis of the current living conditions of migrant workers in China, this paper grasps the main living forms, living conditions and living prospects of the existing migrant workers living in cities. Through summing up, analyzing the problems found out, and studying the implementation of the housing security system for some urban migrant workers, It also draws lessons from the experience of housing security of foreign population in the process of urbanization in some developed countries and some pilot projects in some places of our country, and puts forward the innovative ways to perfect the housing security system of migrant workers. Strive to explore a relatively sound housing security system for migrant workers in line with China's national conditions. I also hope that this paper can be helpful to the construction of urban and rural integration of social security system.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F299.23

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