新型城镇化进程中我国政府职能转变问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 00:39

本文选题：新型城镇化 + 政府职能　；参考：《中国石油大学(华东)》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：城镇化是社会发展到一定阶段的产物。改革开放以来,在政府的大力推动下,我国城镇化进程明显加快,城镇化率显著提高,但传统城镇化道路的弊端也逐渐显露出来。针对传统城镇化中“半城镇化”、“土地城镇化”与“被城镇化”等问题,政府制定了走新型城镇化道路的决策。在新型城镇化进程中,政府扮演着非常重要的角色,发挥着关键性职能,政府既是城镇化政策的制定者,又为政策的有效实施提供了良好的运行环境和不可或缺的财政支持。可以说,政府职能实施状况直接影响了我国城镇化的发展程度和质量。通过对十八大以来新型城镇化道路的背景和要求,以及我国社会发展和政府决策方面相关资料的整理与总结,全文主要分为五个部分:首先是新型城镇化的相关理论概述。简要回顾了我国的城镇化历程,总结了传统城镇化模式的几大突出问题,提出新型城镇化建设的重大意义,解读了新型城镇化的内涵与特征。其次从城镇化与政府职能关系的角度出发阐述了新型城镇化中转变政府职能的必要性与政府职能定位。新型城镇化中的政府应是城镇战略规划的先行者、城镇化配套政策的落实者、城乡社会秩序的维护者、城乡公共服务的提供者与城乡政社合作的促进者。再次是新型城镇化进程中我国政府职能存在的问题及原因分析。问题包括政府的“越位”、“缺位”与“错位”三方面,出现问题的原因在于政府对计划经济体制的“路径依赖”、政府的“经济人”动机以及政府的“有限理性”。之后分析了国内外城镇化进程中的政府职能的典型案例及对我国的启示,启示包括:政府引导与市场配置相结合、加强政府宏观调控、注重管理创新与吸纳公众参与四方面。最后一部分提出新型城镇化进程中我国政府职能转变的方向与对策,在转变方向上要实现从政府主导转变为市场与政府相结合、从主导城镇发展转变为提供城乡公共服务、从政府单一管理转变为多主体参与治理、从中央政府与地方政府权责失衡转变为权责匹配。在具体对策方面要加快户籍制度改革,推进城乡公共服务均等化;深化土地制度改革,规范农村土地承包与流转;完善财税体制改革,保障政府财权与事权的对等;落实多元投融资制度,合理引入民间资本;构建公众参与的管理机制,畅通民意表达渠道;改进官员道德考核制度,树立正确的政绩观。
[Abstract]:Urbanization is the product of social development to a certain stage. Since the reform and opening to the outside world, the process of urbanization has been quickened and the rate of urbanization has been raised, but the disadvantages of the traditional road of urbanization have been gradually revealed. In view of the problems of "semi-urbanization", "land urbanization" and "being urbanization" in the traditional urbanization, the government has made the decision to take the new urbanization road. In the process of new urbanization, the government plays a very important role and plays a key role. The government is not only the policy maker of urbanization, but also provides a good operating environment and indispensable financial support for the effective implementation of the policy. It can be said that the implementation of government functions directly affects the development and quality of urbanization in China. Based on the background and requirements of the new urbanization road since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, as well as the relevant information on social development and government decision-making in China, the paper is divided into five parts: first of all, the related theory of new urbanization is summarized. This paper briefly reviews the course of urbanization in China, summarizes several outstanding problems of traditional urbanization mode, puts forward the great significance of the construction of new urbanization, and interprets the connotation and characteristics of new-type urbanization. Secondly, from the angle of the relationship between urbanization and government function, the necessity and orientation of transforming government function in new urbanization are expounded. The government in the new urbanization should be the forerunner of the strategic planning of cities and towns, the implementer of the supporting policy of urbanization, the maintainer of the social order in urban and rural areas, the promoter of the cooperation between the providers of public services in urban and rural areas and the cooperation between urban and rural government and society. Thirdly, the problems and causes of government function in the process of new urbanization are analyzed. The problems include "offside", "absence" and "dislocation" of the government. The causes of the problems lie in the "path dependence" of the government on the planned economic system, the motivation of the "economic man" of the government and the "limited rationality" of the government. Then it analyzes the typical cases of the government function in the process of urbanization at home and abroad and its enlightenment to our country. The enlightenment includes the combination of government guidance and market allocation, the strengthening of government macro-control, the emphasis on management innovation and the absorption of public participation. In the last part, the author puts forward the direction and countermeasures of government function transformation in the process of new urbanization. In the transformation direction, we should realize the transformation from government leading to the combination of market and government, from leading towns to providing urban and rural public services. From single government management to multi-subject participation in governance, from the imbalance between central government and local government power and responsibility to power and responsibility matching. In the specific countermeasures, we should speed up the reform of the household registration system, promote the equalization of urban and rural public services, deepen the reform of the land system, standardize the contracting and circulation of rural land, perfect the reform of the financial and taxation system, and ensure the equality of the government's financial and administrative rights. Carry out multiple investment and financing system, reasonably introduce folk capital; construct management mechanism of public participation, unblock public opinion expression channel; improve official moral assessment system, set up correct political achievement view.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F299.21;D630

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