工程建设项目社会风险形成机制及防控策略研究

发布时间：2018-09-13 16:55

【摘要】：近年来,工程建设项目中的征地拆迁、环境、移民安置等问题引发社会风险的案例越来越多。工程建设项目社会风险不仅会阻碍项目目标的顺利实现,同时也会对局部社会和谐与稳定造成威胁。因此,研究工程建设项目社会风险形成机制及其防控策略就显得尤为必要。第一,对工程建设项目社会风险及相关概念进行界定和梳理,辨析了工程建设项目社会风险与工程建设项目、社会风险的区别与联系,分析了工程建设项目社会风险的类型、表现形式、后果及危害,介绍了工程建设项目社会风险的相关理论。第二,分析工程建设项目社会风险的五个基本构成要素和宏观背景因素以及后者对前者的影响和作用。分析了工程建设项目社会风险形成的原因,指出征地补拆迁补偿、劳资纠纷、环境问题、民主公平问题、移民后的适应问题之类的利益纠纷是直接原因,贫富差距、贪污腐败、政府危机处理能力低下、社会阶层流动不畅等社会矛盾和不公是深层背景原因。第三,通过分析社会风险发生条件及风险直接制造者的行为及其影响因素,探索工程建设项目社会风险形成机制,即利益受损者在项目风险因素和常规利益表达渠道受阻的双重刺激之下被迫采取非常规利益表达渠道发动社会风险事件。第四,界定扩散内涵,通过分析工程项目社会风险扩散条件及参与者类型和动机,得出风险扩散就是在传统文化和人们特殊认知模式的背景下,信息从现实利益受损者到非现实利益受损者扩散的过程,其结果就是可能引发更大规模的社会泄愤事件和社会骚乱。通过分析风险扩散放大动力、方式及影响因素,探索工程建设项目社会风险的扩散放大机理,认为信息扩散及释放不满情绪是风险扩散放大的两大动力,参与人数的增多、事件性质的升级和长期内基于负示范效应的策略模仿是风险扩散放大的三大方式,网络媒体、政府行为、组织性、项目业主行为是风险扩散放大的四大影响因素。最后,提出工程建设项目社会风险防控策略：国家从宏观上通过调整利益结构、完善社会保障、促进社会公平等方式缓和当前主要社会矛盾是防止工程建设项目社会风险的根本途径；畅通利益表达渠道是防控工程建设项目社会风险的关键措施；公平的利益补偿机制是防控工程建设项目社会风险的重要途径；平等沟通、合理的政府行为以及规范网络媒体是防控工程建设项目社会风险的必要途径。
[Abstract]:In recent years, there are more and more cases of social risk caused by land requisition, environment, resettlement and so on. Social risk of engineering construction project will not only hinder the smooth realization of project objectives, but also threaten local social harmony and stability. Therefore, it is necessary to study the formation mechanism of social risk and its prevention and control strategy. First, it defines and combs the social risk and related concepts of the engineering construction project, discriminates and analyzes the difference and relation between the social risk of the engineering construction project and the engineering construction project, and analyzes the types of the social risk of the engineering construction project. This paper introduces the theory of social risk of engineering construction project. Secondly, it analyzes the five basic elements and macro background factors of social risk of construction project, and the influence and function of the latter on the former. This paper analyzes the causes of social risks in engineering construction projects, and points out that interest disputes such as compensation for land requisition and demolition, labor disputes, environmental problems, democratic and fair problems, problems of adaptation after emigration are the direct causes, the gap between the rich and the poor, corruption, etc. The deep background is the low ability of the government to deal with the crisis and the unsmooth flow of the social stratum and other social contradictions and injustices. Third, through the analysis of the social risk occurrence conditions and the behavior of the direct risk maker and its influencing factors, the paper explores the social risk formation mechanism of the construction project. In other words, the injured benefit is forced to adopt the unconventional interest expression channel to initiate the social risk event under the double stimulation of the project risk factors and the obstruction of the conventional interest expression channel. Fourth, define the connotation of diffusion, by analyzing the conditions of social risk diffusion of engineering projects and the type and motivation of participants, it is concluded that risk diffusion is under the background of traditional culture and people's special cognitive model. The process of information spreading from the injured to the unrealistically injured is likely to lead to a larger scale of social indignation and social unrest. By analyzing the driving force, mode and influencing factors of risk diffusion, and exploring the mechanism of social risk diffusion and amplification of engineering construction project, it is considered that information diffusion and releasing discontent are the two major driving forces of risk diffusion amplification, and the number of participants increases. The escalation of event nature and the strategy imitation based on negative demonstration effect in the long term are the three major ways of risk diffusion and amplification. The network media, government behavior, organization and project owner's behavior are the four major influencing factors of risk diffusion and amplification. Finally, the paper puts forward the strategy of preventing and controlling the social risk of the construction project: the country improves the social security by adjusting the structure of interests from the macroscopic view, Promoting social equity is the fundamental way to prevent the social risk of engineering construction project, and the unblocked channel of interest expression is the key measure to prevent and control the social risk of construction project. Fair benefit compensation mechanism is an important way to prevent and control the social risk of construction project, and equal communication, reasonable government behavior and regulating network media are the necessary ways to prevent and control the social risk of construction project.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F284

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