电商城市配送网点选址及路线优化研究
发布时间：2018-11-03 18:36
【摘要】：电子商务公司的竞争已经由商业模式间的竞争转移到物流服务间的竞争上，如何平衡物流配送速度及配送成本之间的矛盾已成为电子商务公司间竞争的关键。配送网络是物流配送的基础，车辆调配及路径选择是物流配送的核心，平衡物流配送速度及配送成本之间的矛盾需要从这两者身上着手。 本文首先通过对数家电子商务公司进行调研，了解当前电商物流城市配送的网络结构与配送方式，以此为基础对当前电商物流城市配送中存在的问题进行分析，提出相应的优化对策及原则。 接着针对实际生活中配送路线选择及服务网点选址的双决策主体情况，对双层规划进行了研究，利用双层规划描述电商物流城市配送优化问题，并给出了通用的配送网络服务网点选址双层规划模型。在此基础上，考虑城市配送特点与道路限行政策，提出带限行的城市配送服务网点选址双层规划模型。 然后针对双层规划问题的特点，，提出适用于双层规划的混合层次遗传算法流程，针对带限行的城市配送服务网点选址双层规划模型，提出具体的算子，以及用于求解嵌套子问题的集覆盖问题随机贪婪算法及带限行的多车型车辆路径问题单亲遗传算法，并对算法的收敛性进行了证明。 最后选择某电商公司城市配送案例作为应用实例，在广州市的真实道路网络上对问题进行优化求解，通过对比应用本文研究成果的优化方案与某电商公司现有城市配送方案，证明了模型及算法的合理性与实用性。 通过上述研究，能规划出合理的服务网点选址布局及配送车型、路径选择，提高单车配送效率，减少在运车辆，降低配送车辆的运输距离与油耗成本，实现电商公司配送中运输成本的压缩，进而降低企业的运营成本，提升企业的竞争力。
[Abstract]:The competition of e-commerce companies has been transferred from the competition among business models to the competition among logistics services. How to balance the contradiction between logistics distribution speed and distribution cost has become the key to the competition between e-commerce companies. Distribution network is the basis of logistics distribution, and vehicle allocation and route selection are the core of logistics distribution. To balance the contradiction between logistics distribution speed and distribution cost, we should start from these two. First of all, through the investigation of several electronic commerce companies, we know the network structure and distribution mode of the current e-commerce logistics city distribution, based on which we analyze the problems existing in the current e-commerce logistics city distribution. The corresponding optimization countermeasures and principles are put forward. Then, in view of the situation of the dual decision makers of distribution route selection and service network location in real life, the double-level programming is studied, and the optimization problem of urban distribution of e-commerce logistics is described by using double-tier programming. A general distribution network service network site selection model is presented in this paper. On this basis, considering the characteristics of urban distribution and the road restriction policy, a two-tier planning model of urban distribution service network location with restrictions is proposed. Then, according to the characteristics of the bilevel programming problem, a hybrid hierarchical genetic algorithm (HGA) flow is proposed for bilevel programming, and a specific operator is proposed for the urban distribution service network location bilevel programming model with restrictions. The stochastic greedy algorithm for the set covering problem and the parthenogenic genetic algorithm for the multi-vehicle routing problem with restrictions are used to solve the nested subproblems. The convergence of the algorithm is proved. Finally, a city distribution case of an ecommerce company is selected as an application example to solve the problem on the real road network of Guangzhou City. By comparing the optimization scheme of the research results of this paper with the existing urban distribution plan of an e-commerce company. The rationality and practicability of the model and algorithm are proved. Through the above research, we can plan the reasonable location layout of service network and distribution model, choose the route, improve the efficiency of bicycle distribution, reduce the vehicle in transit, reduce the transportation distance and fuel consumption cost of the distribution vehicle. In order to reduce the operating cost and enhance the competitiveness of the enterprises, the transportation cost in the distribution of e-commerce companies can be reduced.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F724.6;F259.2
本文编号：2308612
[Abstract]:The competition of e-commerce companies has been transferred from the competition among business models to the competition among logistics services. How to balance the contradiction between logistics distribution speed and distribution cost has become the key to the competition between e-commerce companies. Distribution network is the basis of logistics distribution, and vehicle allocation and route selection are the core of logistics distribution. To balance the contradiction between logistics distribution speed and distribution cost, we should start from these two. First of all, through the investigation of several electronic commerce companies, we know the network structure and distribution mode of the current e-commerce logistics city distribution, based on which we analyze the problems existing in the current e-commerce logistics city distribution. The corresponding optimization countermeasures and principles are put forward. Then, in view of the situation of the dual decision makers of distribution route selection and service network location in real life, the double-level programming is studied, and the optimization problem of urban distribution of e-commerce logistics is described by using double-tier programming. A general distribution network service network site selection model is presented in this paper. On this basis, considering the characteristics of urban distribution and the road restriction policy, a two-tier planning model of urban distribution service network location with restrictions is proposed. Then, according to the characteristics of the bilevel programming problem, a hybrid hierarchical genetic algorithm (HGA) flow is proposed for bilevel programming, and a specific operator is proposed for the urban distribution service network location bilevel programming model with restrictions. The stochastic greedy algorithm for the set covering problem and the parthenogenic genetic algorithm for the multi-vehicle routing problem with restrictions are used to solve the nested subproblems. The convergence of the algorithm is proved. Finally, a city distribution case of an ecommerce company is selected as an application example to solve the problem on the real road network of Guangzhou City. By comparing the optimization scheme of the research results of this paper with the existing urban distribution plan of an e-commerce company. The rationality and practicability of the model and algorithm are proved. Through the above research, we can plan the reasonable location layout of service network and distribution model, choose the route, improve the efficiency of bicycle distribution, reduce the vehicle in transit, reduce the transportation distance and fuel consumption cost of the distribution vehicle. In order to reduce the operating cost and enhance the competitiveness of the enterprises, the transportation cost in the distribution of e-commerce companies can be reduced.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F724.6;F259.2
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