基于双层规划模型的水产品冷链物流网络优化研究

发布时间：2018-11-25 13:46

【摘要】：随着生活水平的提高,消费者对水产品的品质及安全提出了更高的要求。为缓解水产品生产和消费的地域性差异,就需要水产品在流通的全过程中有专业的冷链物流进行保障。我国冷链物流起步比较晚,在较长的时间内没有得到足够的重视,造成了我国冷链物流基础设施、设备极为落后,冷链物流的技术标准及相关法律法规极为缺乏的局面。水产品冷链物流发展落后的问题有待解决,解决的途径不仅仅是要加强冷链物流基础设施建设及完善相关法律法规,更要的建立起合理、高效的水产品冷链物流网络体系。本文通过对比国内外水产品冷链物流网络现有模式,分析我国水产品冷链物流网络中存在的问题,并借鉴发达国家的经验,提出我国水产品冷链物流网络优化的方向。结合水产品本身具有的易腐性特征,本文构建起水产品冷链物流网络优化双层规划模型,上层模型确定最佳的冷链物流中心选址；下层规划确定配送的运输路径。双层规划模型从战略和战术两个角度,将水产品冷链物流网络中两个关键要素同时进行优化,实现整个冷链物流网络总成本最小。基于模型的特点,本文设计出遗传算法与蚁群算法相结合的混合算法对模型进行求解,并引入算例,通过对算例进行求解,得到冷链物流网络节点的最佳选址及最优配送路径。通过以上研究,文章最后得出结论：只有将冷链物流网络中的选址优化与配送路径优化结合起来进行考虑,才能从根本上实现水产品冷链物流各主体之间的有效协调与配合,达到提高冷链物流运作效率、降低作业成本,同时满足消费者对于快速、及时、高品质的水产品需求的目的。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of living standards, consumers put forward higher requirements for the quality and safety of aquatic products. In order to alleviate the regional differences between production and consumption of aquatic products, it is necessary for aquatic products to be guaranteed by specialized cold-chain logistics in the whole process of circulation. The cold chain logistics in our country started relatively late and did not get enough attention in a long period of time, which resulted in the situation that the infrastructure of cold chain logistics in our country is extremely backward, the technical standard and relevant laws and regulations of cold chain logistics are extremely lacking. The problem of backward development of cold-chain logistics of aquatic products needs to be solved. The way to solve this problem is not only to strengthen the infrastructure construction of cold-chain logistics and improve the relevant laws and regulations, but also to establish a reasonable and efficient aquatic cold-chain logistics network system. By comparing the existing models of aquatic product cold chain logistics network at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the aquatic product cold chain logistics network in our country, and draws lessons from the experience of developed countries, and puts forward the direction of optimizing the aquatic product cold chain logistics network in our country. Combined with the perishability of aquatic products, this paper constructs the optimization bilevel programming model of aquatic products cold chain logistics network, the upper model determines the best location of cold chain logistics center, and the lower level planning determines the transportation route of distribution. From the perspective of strategy and tactics, the bilevel programming model optimizes the two key elements in the cold-chain logistics network of aquatic products at the same time, so that the total cost of the whole cold-chain logistics network is minimized. Based on the characteristics of the model, a hybrid algorithm combining genetic algorithm and ant colony algorithm is designed to solve the model. An example is introduced to solve the model, and the optimal location and distribution path of cold chain logistics network nodes are obtained. Through the above research, the article finally draws the conclusion: only by combining the location optimization and the distribution route optimization in the cold chain logistics network, can the coordination and cooperation among the main bodies of the aquatic product cold chain logistics be realized fundamentally. To improve the efficiency of cold chain logistics operation, reduce activity costs, and meet the needs of consumers for fast, timely, high quality aquatic products.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F252;F326.4

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