撒切尔政府劳资政策分析

发布时间：2019-03-18 17:18

【摘要】：世界上最早成立工会、最早实现劳资双方之间开展集体谈判的国家是英国。撒切尔夫人在1979年执政后使英国的劳资关系发生了明显的改善,劳资政策改革是整个撒切尔革命的核心。撒切尔政府彻底放弃了“二战”后两党达成的共识政治,在保守主义传统和新自由主义经济理念的深刻影响下,撒切尔主义劳资观逐渐形成,并被“铁娘子”撒切尔坚定地贯彻到每一个与劳资关系相关的领域。经过撒切尔夫人十一年大刀阔斧的改革,虽然工会未被彻底征服,但其实力遭到严重的削弱,英国的劳资关系和劳资力量对比发生根本转变。本文主要运用文献研究方法和历史分析方法,从研究撒切尔政府劳资政策的理论——渐进主义出发,系统梳理了撒切尔夫人执政前英国的劳资关系现状：1945年之前为自由放任的集体谈判；1945——1979年分别为战时劳资机制的延续、法团主义劳资机制、由工会主导的劳资机制。分析了撒切尔政府劳资政策内容,具体包括：劳资立法、重塑自由经济。从政治、经济和社会角度评析了撒切尔政府劳资政策的效果,并探讨了对后撒切尔时代的影响：梅杰政府基本是沿用撒切尔政府的政策前行,即便是布莱尔工党政府的劳资政策中也处处闪现着撒切尔主义的印记。从而得出本文的结论：撒切尔政府劳资政策适应了当时的英国国情、撒切尔政府劳资政策以司法改革与经济改革为切入点、撒切尔政府执政期间所展现的“撒切尔主义”影响深远。
[Abstract]:The first state in the world to form a trade union, the first to realize collective bargaining between the two parties, is the United Kingdom. Mrs. Thatcher's labour relations in the UK have been significantly improved after her ruling in 1979, and the reform of the labour policy is at the heart of the entire Thatcher revolution. The Thatcher government gave up the consensus politics between the two parties after the "World War II", and under the influence of the conservative tradition and the neo-liberal economic idea, the Thatcher's view of labor and labor was gradually formed, and was firmly carried out by "a lady of iron" Thatcher to each of the areas related to the industrial relations. After Mrs. Thatcher's 10-year-old reform, though the trade union was not completely conquered, its strength was severely weakened, and the British labour relations and labour force had a fundamental shift. This paper mainly uses the literature research method and the historical analysis method, and based on the study of the theory of the Thatcher government's labor policy, the system has sorted out the current situation of the labor relations in the UK before the administration of Mrs. Thatcher: the collective bargaining of the laissez-faire before 1945; The period of 1945 _ 1979 was the continuation of the wartime labor and labor mechanism, the corporatism and labor mechanism, and the labor and labor mechanism dominated by the trade union. The content of the government's labor policy is analyzed, including the labor legislation and the remolding of the free economy. From the point of view of the political, economic and social perspective, the effect of the Thatcher government's labor policy is analyzed, and the influence of the post-Thatcher era is also discussed: the Meijie government is based on the policy of the Thatcher government, Even the Labour's Labour government's labour policy was a sign of the thatcher's mark. As a result, the conclusion of this paper is that the Thatcher government's labor policy has been adapted to the prevailing situation in the UK, and the "Thatcherism" of the government's labor and labor policy is the entry point for judicial reform and economic reform.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F249.561

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