要素丰裕度、技术进步偏向性与中国农业部门要素收入分配结构

发布时间：2019-05-06 08:27

【摘要】：笔者构建包含土地与劳动要素的CES生产函数,考察农业要素丰裕度与技术进步偏向性对要素边际产出与收入分配结构的影响。通过三方程标准化供给面系统,利用中国1952—2011年农业部门的时间序列数据估计生产函数中的各参数,得到如下结论:(1)我国农业部门土地与劳动的要素替代弹性小于1,技术进步整体偏向于丰裕要素劳动;技术进步偏向性和要素丰裕度变化共同作用于要素相对收入份额,多数年份二者作用方向相反,但技术进步偏向性主导要素相对边际产出和收入份额变化。(2)我国农业部门要素丰裕度和技术进步偏向性对要素收入份额的作用呈较强的阶段性:1952—1983年,我国农业劳动要素丰裕度提高,使劳动收入份额下降1.5%,而技术进步劳动偏向性带动劳动收入份额上升6.3%。自1984年至今,我国农业部门劳动要素丰裕度持续下降,引致劳动收入份额上升2.4%,而土地偏向型技术进步使劳动要素收入份额下降5%。因此,为提高我国农业部门的劳动收入份额,应重视技术进步偏向性的作用。
[Abstract]:This paper constructs the CES production function including land and labor factors, and investigates the effects of agricultural factor abundance and technological progress bias on the marginal output and income distribution structure of agricultural factors. By using the three-equation standardized supply surface system and using the time series data from 1952-2011 in China's agricultural sector to estimate the parameters in the production function, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) the factor substitution elasticity of land and labor in the agricultural sector of China is less than 1, Technological progress as a whole tends to abundant factor labor; The bias of technological progress and the change of factor abundance affect the share of relative income of factors together, and in most years they act in the opposite direction. However, the technological progress bias dominates the change of relative marginal output and income share. (2) the effects of factor abundance and technological progress bias on the share of factor income in China's agricultural sector are in a strong stage: 1952-1983, The increase in the abundance of agricultural labor factors in China has reduced the share of labor income by 1.5 percent, while the labor bias of technological progress has led to a 6.3 percent increase in the share of labor income. Since 1984, the abundance of labor factors in China's agricultural sector has continued to decline, resulting in an increase of 2.4% in the share of labor income, and a decrease of 5% in the share of labor factor income due to land-biased technological progress. Therefore, in order to increase the share of labor income in the agricultural sector of our country, we should pay attention to the biased effect of technological progress.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学商学院;东北师范大学经济学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(14BJL031) 教育部新世纪优秀人才项目(NCET-12-0818) 教育部人文社科基金项目(13YJA790012) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(14ZZ1204)
【分类号】：F301;F323.8;F224

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