产业集群导向的公共政策研究

发布时间：2018-02-21 20:56

本文关键词： 产业集群公共政策产业集群导向的公共政策竞争优势　出处：《华东师范大学》2005年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：世界经济地图上有很多成功的区域都是依赖于集群而获得竞争优势，产业集群通过协同效应所显现的竞争优势备受关注，并成为企业、区域发展的重要经济模式。集群战略在区域经济发展中，无论是高科技产业集群，还是传统产业集群都取得了很大的成功。产业集群具有成本优势，市场优势，创新优势，而且产业集群本身就具有一种集群的优势，这种集群的优势能够转化成区域的产业竞争力。产业集群表现出来的强劲竞争力引起了世界上很多国家和地区的关注。无论在发达国家还是发展中国家，也无论在中心的还是外围的区域公共政策制定者为了模仿有高度竞争力的产业集群区，纷纷实施产业集群战略，产业集群的发展已经成为公共政策发挥作用的一个新领域。产业集群所具有的优势体现了公共政策参与产业集群战略的重要性，产业集群所具有的优势是公共政策制定的重点内容。产业集群具有：地理集中性，根植性，弹性专精，拥有相关的支持机构，本地化网络，创新性等特征。产业集群形成是在自然资源和运输成本，规模经济与外部性，相关延伸产业的支持，外商直接投资，企业家精神、制度与政府政策等多种因素影响下，通过自下而上或自上而下形成过的。产业集群的形成基本上是一个由下至上、市场诱发和市场引导的过程。培育和发展产业集群是一个漫长的过程(那些成功的产业集群区都经历了十数年甚至数十年的发展)，那种企图在很短时间内创立和发展产业集群，从而推动地方经济发展，收到立竿见影效果的想法是不现实也是极不可取的，在这里，“耐心”也许应该成为那些想利用产业集群发展地方经济的地方政府首先必备的条件。本文在上述背景及思路的基础上，主要以国内外产业集群为研究对象，采用实证分析和规范分析相结合的研究方法，以产业集群理论、国际直接投资理论、公共政策理论为理论工具，对产业集群导向的公共政策进行系统的分析和研究。本文的主要创新观点： 1．全面论述产业集群导向的公共政策，并对产业集群导向的公共政策的制定和实施进行了全面，具体的分析研究。建立了产业集群导向的公共政策研究的理论框架，具有较高的实用价值。 2．提出产业集群导向的公共政策的意义在于扶持，而不是创造产业集群。公共政策的重点是对处丁萌芽状态的产业集群进行培育。 3．提出产业集群的形成是基于生产率提高、收入弹性、企业关联度和自然资源、国际直接投资等因素，所以这些因素都是产业集群导向公共政策制定的基准。 4．提出产业集群导向的公共政策不应忽视外部性这个因素，，以及由外部性所产生的递增收益、生产率的持续增长。即，政府部门在制定公共政策时应考虑到产业发展的外部性问题而不应只重视其自身的发展或生产率水平。例如大学研究具有溢出效应，除了其自身的直接效应外，还有非常重要的间接效应，大学研究与产业的RD有着密切的联系。因此，政府部门可通过改进大学研究体系来促进产业RD能力的增强、创新水平的提高及相应 2 的生产率增长。 5.提出根据外部经济进行的公共政策干预与单纯保护寡头垄断市场为目的的政策干预不同，它并不一定损害贸易方的利益，那么，这种政策遭贸易伙伴报复的可能性也就较小。 6.产业集群所具有的经济优势和创新优势，是产业集群导向的公共政策的治理内容，公共政策应该有利于维护集群优势并克服其劣势。 7.产业集群培育和发展是一个漫长的过程，企图在很短时间内创立和发展产业集群，从而推动地方经济发展，收到立竿见影效果的想法是不现实也是极不可取的。关键词:产业集群，公共政策，产业集群导向的公共政策，竞争优势之
[Abstract]:There are many successful regions on the world economy map that rely on clusters to gain competitive advantage, and industry clusters through synergy
The competitive advantages of the effect have attracted much attention and become an important economic model for enterprises and regional development. The cluster strategy is in the region.
In the economic development, great success has been made in both high-tech industrial clusters and traditional industrial clusters.
The industrial cluster has the advantages of cost, market and innovation, and the industrial cluster itself has the advantage of a cluster.
The advantages of this cluster can be transformed into the industrial competitiveness of the region. The strong competitiveness of the industrial cluster is caused by the strong competitiveness of the industrial cluster.
The concerns of many countries and regions in the world, both in the developed and developing countries, in the center or in the periphery
In order to imitate the highly competitive industrial cluster area, the regional public policy makers have implemented the industrial cluster strategy in succession.
The development of the cluster has become a new field of public policy. The advantages of industrial clusters reflect the public administration.
The importance of the strategy is to take part in the industrial cluster strategy. The advantages of the industrial cluster are the key content of the public policy formulation.
Industrial clusters have: geographic concentration, embeddedness, elastic specialization, related support institutions, localization networks,
The formation of industrial clusters is based on natural resources and transportation costs, economies of scale and externalities, and related industries.
Under the influence of foreign direct investment, entrepreneurial spirit, system and government policy, and other factors, through bottom-up or
Formed from top to bottom.
The formation of industrial clusters is basically a process from the bottom to the top, the market induced and the market guidance.
Cluster is a long process (those successful industrial clusters have experienced more than ten years or even decades of development), the
The idea of creating and developing industrial clusters in a short period of time so as to promote the development of the local economy and receive an immediate effect
It is unrealistic and undesirable. Here, patience may be the one that wants to use industrial clusters to develop local classics.
The local government of Francis is the first necessary condition.
On the basis of the above background and ideas, this paper mainly takes the domestic and foreign industrial clusters as the research object, and adopts the empirical analysis and analysis.
The research method of combining normative analysis with industrial cluster theory, international direct investment theory and public policy theory as theoretical work
It makes a systematic analysis and Research on the public policy directed by industrial clusters.
The main innovative views of this article are:
1. a comprehensive exposition of industrial cluster oriented public policy, and the formulation and implementation of industrial cluster oriented public policy
The theoretical framework of the research on industrial cluster oriented public policy has been set up, which has a higher level.
Pragmatic value.
2. the significance of industrial cluster oriented public policy is to support, not to create industrial clusters. Public policy
The emphasis is on the cultivation of industrial clusters in the state of bud and bud.
3. the formation of industrial clusters is based on productivity improvement, income elasticity, enterprise relevance and natural resources, international
Direct investment and other factors, so these factors are the benchmarks of the industrial cluster oriented public policy formulation.
4. the public policy directed by industrial clusters should not ignore the externality, and the delivery of the externality.
Increasing income and continuous growth of productivity. That is, government departments should take into account the externality of industrial development in the formulation of public policies.
Questions should not be paid only to their own development or productivity levels. For example, university studies have spillover effects, except their own straight.
In addition to the effect, there is a very important indirect effect. University research has a close relationship with the industry's RD.
The government departments can improve the ability of industrial RD by improving the university research system, and improve the level of innovation and the corresponding level.
Two
Productivity growth.
5. the policy intervention based on public policy intervention based on the external economy and the purpose of protecting the oligopoly monopoly market
Different, it does not necessarily damage the interests of the trading parties, and the possibility of such a policy is less likely to be retaliated by trade partners.
The economic and innovative advantages of the 6. industrial cluster are the governance content of the public policy oriented by industrial clusters.
Public policy should be conducive to maintaining the advantages of the cluster and overcoming its disadvantages.
The cultivation and development of 7. industrial clusters is a long process, trying to create and develop industrial clusters in a very short period of time.
In order to promote the development of the local economy, the idea of receiving immediate effect is unrealistic and undesirable.
Key words: industrial cluster, public policy, industrial cluster oriented public policy, competitive advantage
of

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：F062.9

【引证文献】