收入再分配的理论基础:基于社会效率的原则

发布时间：2018-03-27 09:03

本文选题：收入再分配　切入点：初始分配　出处：《学术月刊》2013年03期

【摘要】：现代主流经济学认为市场竞争中的初始分配收入是有效率的,而收入再分配则是对有效市场的破坏。但实际上,纯粹市场机制往往会抑制效率:一方面,由于个体的有限理性和有限认知以及自然利益冲突,一些不存在帕累托改进的变和博弈领域很难实现最大化的合作租金;另一方面,由于路径依赖效应以及马太效应,一些具有帕累托改进的情形实际上也无法有效推进。相反,通过引入收入再分配机制,这两种情形中的行为都可以得到更好的协调与合作,从而也更有效率。显然,这就从社会效率的角度为收入再分配提供了理论基础,而收入再分配的一个重要目的也在于,促进利益更为均等的帕累托改进和增进个体间进行合作最大化机会。因此,收入再分配不仅仅属于道德范畴,而且具有经济学研究的科学意义。
[Abstract]:Modern mainstream economics holds that the initial distribution of income in market competition is efficient, while income redistribution undermines efficient markets. But in practice, pure market mechanisms tend to inhibit efficiency: on the one hand, Due to the limited rationality and limited cognition of individuals and the conflict of natural interests, it is very difficult to maximize the cooperative rent in some fields where there is no Pareto improvement. On the other hand, due to the path dependence effect and the Matthew effect, it is very difficult to maximize the cooperative rent in some fields where there is no Pareto improvement. Some cases with Pareto improvements are actually not going forward effectively. On the contrary, by introducing income redistribution mechanisms, actions in both cases can be better coordinated and cooperated, and thus more efficient. This provides a theoretical basis for income redistribution from the perspective of social efficiency, and one of the important purposes of income redistribution is to promote Pareto, where benefits are more equal, and to maximize opportunities for cooperation among individuals. Income redistribution not only belongs to the moral category, but also has the scientific significance of economic research.
【作者单位】：中山大学岭南学院/经济研究所;
【基金】：广东省哲学社会科学“十二五”规划项目(GD12CLJ02)“制度分析的方法论比较及其实践效应”的阶段性成果广东商学院国民经济研究中心资助
【分类号】：F014.4

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