江浙出口贸易与环境污染关系比较分析

发布时间：2018-04-03 17:13

本文选题：江苏　切入点：浙江　出处：《江南大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着改革开放步伐的推进,自由贸易促进了我国经济迅猛发展,然而全球气候变暖以及臭氧层破坏等环境问题日益凸显,引起了世界各国的广泛关注。2009年12月份在哥本哈根召开《联合国气候变化框架公约》缔约方第15次会议,有192个国家或地区参加,商讨关于《京都议定书》一期承诺到期后的后续方案,这意味着世界各国希望通过国际合作来解决或缓解环境问题。在经济飞速发展的过程中我国一直在探讨如何协调国际贸易与环境之间的关系。江苏和浙江同处我国经济发达的东部沿海地区,都是贸易大省,但出口的贸易方式、商品结构和出口主体方面有着显著差异,同时面临着严峻的的环境问题,江浙所位于的长三角地区是国内环境污染较严重的区域之一,所以选择江浙两省来进行比较分析出口贸易对环境的影响具有重要的理论价值与现实意义。本文在文献研究和掌握江浙两省出口贸易的发展状况和环境污染变化趋势的前提下,主要采用了最小二乘估计、向量自回归模型(VAR)和向量误差修证模型(VEC)等计量经济学方法实证分析了1991-2008年间江浙出口贸易与整体环境污染损失和六类具体工业污染指标之间关系,得出如下结论: 1.通过建立江浙贸易自由化环境效应模型,应用最小二乘估计分析得到结论:人均GDP、出口贸易、政策效应三个变量对整体环境污染损失的影响为负效应,结构效应与贸易开放度影响不显著;江苏总体弹性系数高于浙江,这说明江苏自由贸易所引起的环境污染损失高于浙江,同时江苏省出口贸易带来的经济利益所付出的环境代价也高于浙江;在此模型中各经济要素的弹性系数均小于1,这也说明相对于非出口企业,江浙两省的出口企业的环境意识相对较强。 2.采用了VARVEC模型中的广义脉冲响应函数和方差分解分析来探讨出口贸易与六类工业污染指标互动关系。结果表明,浙江出口贸易不断增加并未加大了污染物排放,反而减轻了环境负担,而江苏出口贸易增加却导致环境污染增加;当放宽环保标准或执法力度不严时,江苏出口额增加幅度小于浙江。论文还针对江苏和浙江的出口贸易与环境的协调发展提出了相应的政策建议。
[Abstract]:With the development of reform and opening up, free trade has promoted the rapid development of China's economy. However, environmental problems such as global warming and ozone layer destruction have become increasingly prominent.The fifteenth Conference of the parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate change, held in Copenhagen in December 2009, was attended by 192 countries or regions,Discussions on the follow-up to the expiration of the Kyoto Protocol's first commitment mean that countries around the world want to solve or alleviate environmental problems through international cooperation.In the process of rapid economic development, China has been discussing how to coordinate the relationship between international trade and environment.Jiangsu and Zhejiang are all big trading provinces in the economically developed eastern coastal areas of our country. However, there are significant differences in the way of export trade, the structure of commodities and the main body of exports. At the same time, they are faced with severe environmental problems.Yangtze River Delta is one of the regions with serious environmental pollution in China, so it is of great theoretical and practical significance to choose Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces to compare and analyze the impact of export trade on the environment.On the premise of studying and mastering the development of export trade and the changing trend of environmental pollution in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, this paper mainly adopts the least square estimation.Vector autoregressive model (VAR) and vector error certificate revision model (VEC) have empirically analyzed the relationship between Jiangsu and Zhejiang export trade and overall environmental pollution loss and six specific industrial pollution indicators from 1991 to 2008. The conclusions are as follows:1.Through the establishment of Jiangsu and Zhejiang trade liberalization environmental effect model and the application of least square estimation analysis, it is concluded that the three variables of per capita GDP, export trade and policy effect have negative effects on the overall environmental pollution loss.The influence of structure effect and trade openness is not significant, and the overall elasticity coefficient of Jiangsu is higher than that of Zhejiang, which indicates that the environmental pollution loss caused by free trade in Jiangsu is higher than that in Zhejiang.At the same time, the environmental cost of the economic benefits of Jiangsu export trade is also higher than that of Zhejiang Province. In this model, the elastic coefficient of each economic factor is less than 1, which also shows that compared with non-export enterprises,Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces export enterprises relatively strong environmental awareness.2.The generalized impulse response function and variance decomposition analysis in VARVEC model are used to study the interaction between export trade and six kinds of industrial pollution indicators.The results showed that the increasing export trade of Zhejiang did not increase the pollutant emissions, but lightened the environmental burden, while the increase in Jiangsu export trade led to an increase in environmental pollution; when the environmental protection standards were relaxed or the enforcement was not strict,The increase in Jiangsu's exports is smaller than that in Zhejiang.The paper also puts forward corresponding policy suggestions for the coordinated development of export trade and environment in Jiangsu and Zhejiang.
【学位授予单位】：江南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：F752.62;X196;F224

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