中美贸易与污染避难所假说的实证研究——基于内含污染的视角

发布时间：2018-04-05 17:39

本文选题：内含污染　切入点：贸易内含污染条件　出处：《中国人口.资源与环境》2011年02期

【摘要】：使用非竞争型投入产出表,在考虑中间产品产生污染的情况下,通过计算中美双边贸易的内含污染,考察对外贸易对发达国家和发展中国家环境的影响,检验污染避难所假说是否成立。本文首先构造中美两国28个制造业的总污染强度,在此基础上计算1987-2004年中美制造业贸易的贸易内含污染条件指标,并分析中美制造业贸易的进出口内含污染的部门来源。研究发现,1992年之后,所有污染物的贸易内含污染条件值都大于1,这意味着美国从中国进口的污染强度要高于中国从美国的进口污染强度,中美双边贸易中,中国环境受损、美国环境获利,污染避难所假说成立。从部门结构上看,中国出口内含污染主要来源于塑料制品、机械设备和工业化学这三个部门,进口内含污染主要来源于工业化学、机械设备和交通设备这三个部门。
[Abstract]:Using a non-competitive input-output table, considering the pollution generated by intermediate products, and by calculating the inherent pollution of bilateral trade between China and the United States, the impact of foreign trade on the environment of developed and developing countries is investigated.To test whether the pollution Shelter hypothesis is valid.In this paper, the total pollution intensity of 28 manufacturing industries in China and the United States is first constructed. Based on this, the pollution conditions of Sino-American manufacturing trade from 1987 to 2004 are calculated, and the sources of the pollution in the import and export of the manufacturing trade between China and the United States are analyzed.The study found that after 1992, the pollution conditions of all pollutants in trade were greater than 1, which meant that the pollution intensity of the United States imported from China was higher than that of China's imports from the United States. In bilateral trade between China and the United States, China's environment was damaged.Environmental profit, pollution Shelter hypothesis established in the United States.In terms of sector structure, China's exports mainly come from the three sectors of plastic products, machinery and chemical products, and imports mainly from the three sectors of industrial chemistry, mechanical equipment and transportation equipment.
【作者单位】：暨南大学经济学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目“环境规制、要素禀赋和产业国际竞争力的理论与实证研究”(编号:70703015) 教育部重大攻关课题“中国现代产业体系研究”(编号:08JZD0014) 国家社科基金重大项目“应对国际资源环境变化挑战及加快经济发展方式转变”(编号:09&ZD021)
【分类号】：X196;F752.7

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