古代奢俭消费思想的研究及其现代价值

发布时间：2018-04-18 16:51

本文选题：消费思想 + 节俭　；参考：《复旦大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：经过30多年的改革开放,我国经济建设取得了一系列伟大的成就,经济总量在2010年首次超过日本,成为全球第二大经济体,居民收入也大幅度提升。许多经济学家研究中国经济奇迹,发现中国经济增长模式并不新奇,只不过是重复“亚洲四小虎”曾经走过的路,也就是高储蓄,高投资,政府主导和外向型的经济模式。这种模式非常适合中国,正好利用了中国低廉的劳动力成本优势和国外产业转移的机会。过高的投资使中国具备强大的生产能力,过去我们可以通过出口国外来消费掉过剩的产品,但是08年的金融危机使我们认识到强劲的内需才能保证中国经济持续健康发展。如果翻看统计局的统计资料,就可以发现消费对国民生产总值的贡献率持续下降,为什么中国居民在收入不断增加的情况下却不愿意消费呢?大量的文献借用西方现代消费理论,从收入和预期等方面来解释中国内需不足的问题。显然,这些文献部分解释了中国低消费的问题。但是中国不同于西方社会,中国具有5千多年的历史,文化和思想对中国居民的影响深远。特别是中国历史上存在大量关于消费思想的记载,这些思想毫无疑问会影响到当代中国居民的消费行为。基于上述的认识,本文系统总结了中国历史上的消费思想,发现中国消费思想的主题是崇尚节俭罢黜奢侈。为了便于分析,首先是分析历史上关于崇尚节俭的消费思想,这部分的著作非常的多,几乎中国古代每一个朝代的思想家都表达了其崇尚节俭的思想。其次,再分析关于崇尚消费的思想。同时还简略分析了西方消费思想的演变,目的是想做个简单的对比。在初步分析了中国消费思想后就对其进行批判,并着重分析中国崇尚节俭的原因。最后阐述了关于奢侈和节俭思想在中国当代的延续,分析关于节俭和奢侈消费思想在当代的现实意义。本文认为中国历史上关于崇尚节俭的消费思想一定程度上抑制了中国的消费。现阶段我们面临资源紧张和内需不足的两难问题,这需要我们既要节约又要消费。因此我们应该批判性地吸收古代节俭思想,建立符合社会主义建设的节俭思想。另一方面,我们也应该吸收古代鼓励合理消费的思想,鼓励人们积极进行合理的消费。适合当代的消费思想对启动我国的内需具有重要的意义。
[Abstract]:After more than 30 years of reform and opening up, China's economic construction has made a series of great achievements. In 2010, the total economic volume surpassed Japan for the first time, becoming the second largest economy in the world.Many economists have studied China's economic miracle and found that China's economic growth model is not new. It is merely a repetition of the path that the four Asian Tigers have taken, that is, high savings, high investment, government-led and export-oriented economic models.This model is well suited to China, taking advantage of China's low labor costs and opportunities for foreign industrial transfer.Excessive investment has enabled China to have strong production capacity. In the past, we could consume excess products by exporting abroad, but the financial crisis of 2008 made us realize that strong domestic demand is the only way to ensure the sustained and healthy development of China's economy.If we look at the statistics of the Bureau of Statistics, we can find that the contribution rate of consumption to GNP continues to decline. Why are Chinese residents unwilling to spend while their income is increasing?A large number of literature borrowed from the western modern consumption theory, from the income and expectations to explain the problem of insufficient domestic demand in China.Obviously, these documents partly explain the problem of low consumption in China.But China is different from the western society, China has a history of more than 5,000 years, culture and ideology have a profound impact on Chinese residents.Especially in the history of China, there are a lot of records about consumption thoughts, which will undoubtedly affect the consumption behavior of contemporary Chinese residents.Based on the above understanding, this paper systematically summarizes the consumption thought in Chinese history, and finds that the theme of Chinese consumption thought is to advocate frugality and oust luxury.In order to facilitate the analysis, the first is to analyze the consumption thought of advocating frugality in history, this part of the works is very many, almost every ancient Chinese thinkers have expressed their thought of advocating frugality.Secondly, it analyzes the thought of advocating consumption.At the same time, it also briefly analyzes the evolution of Western consumption thinking, in order to make a simple comparison.After the preliminary analysis of Chinese consumption thought, the author criticizes it, and emphatically analyzes the reason why China advocates frugality.At last, it expounds the continuation of the thought of luxury and thrift in the contemporary China, and analyzes the practical significance of the thought of thrift and extravagant consumption in the contemporary era.This paper argues that the consumption thought of frugality in Chinese history has restrained Chinese consumption to some extent.At this stage, we are faced with the dilemma of shortage of resources and domestic demand, which requires us to economize and consume.Therefore, we should critically absorb the ancient thought of thrift and establish the idea of thrift in line with socialist construction.On the other hand, we should absorb the ancient thought of encouraging rational consumption and encourage people to make rational consumption.The consumption thought suitable for the present age has important significance to start the domestic demand of our country.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：F092.2

【引证文献】