风险交易的市场失灵和市场无能及政府管制——一个新古典理论缺陷和政治经济学分析框架

发布时间：2018-05-09 01:26

本文选题：市场失灵 + 市场无论　；参考：《财政研究》2011年07期

【摘要】：产品和劳动力交易可划分为:不存在和存在可能造成人身伤害风险的两类市场。新古典经济学的市场失灵及其政府管制理论虽然可解释前一类市场,但用在第二类市场上却不具有自洽性。这一逻辑困境源于新古典经济学非人文社会性的固有缺陷。但在引入政治和社会因素的政治经济学框架看来,一个人健康活着,不仅为自己创造财富,而且还为社会创造财富如税收和非货币财富如参政,因此即使第二类市场不存在失灵,但双方合意的交易不可能把这一社会和政治层面的外部性内部化。所以结论就是:健康和安全管制的产生不是源于市场失灵,而是源于市场无能;而这一外部效应的大小,取决于国家对健康和生命权的重视程度,亦即整个社会和政治的进步程度。
[Abstract]:Product and labor trade can be divided into two types: non-existence and existence of the risk of personal injury. The theory of market failure and government regulation in neoclassical economics can explain the former market, but it is not self-consistent in the second kind of market. This logic dilemma originates from the inherent defects of non-humanistic sociality in neoclassical economics. But in the framework of the political economy that introduces political and social factors, it seems that a person who lives healthily not only creates wealth for himself, but also wealth for society, such as taxation and non-monetary wealth, such as participation in politics. So even if there is no failure in the second category of markets, mutually agreed deals cannot internalize this social and political externality. So the conclusion is that health and safety regulation is not caused by market failure, but by market incompetence, and the extent of this externality depends on the importance that the state attaches to health and the right to life. The degree of progress in society and politics as a whole.
【作者单位】：中南财经政法大学经济学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金的面上项目(批准号:70673113) 专项基金项目(批准号:70940006)资助
【分类号】：F091.3

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